Hungary

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Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen in 1914
The nation of Hungary as presently constituted
“Szabadalmi Kőzlőny” - 1914
Repülőgép results 1900-1916 inclusive

Basic data and our approaches to data pertinent to Hungary

Hungary, abbreviated as HU on this wiki, had its own patent office in the early aviation period,[1] although Hungary was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, designated simply as Austria-Hungary and abbreviated as AH on this wiki. The patent office was simply known as the Magyar Kiralyi Szabadalmi Hivital ("Hungarian Royal Patent Office").

For now, we are treating all "Publication/disclosure" data drawn from the Szellemi Tulajdon Nemzeti Hivatala database in anglophone setting, as "date granted". A date is always given, and it must have legal significance. It is always days earlier than "Megjelent (year). évi (month) hó (day)-én", that is "Released (month) (day), (year)", given on the original. We don't actually know what equals date granted. Fortunately filing date data is clear and consistent.)


This link pertains to modern Hungarian patents. Our proceedings with reference to the antique material are going quite well.

Szellemi Tulajdon Nemzeti Hivatala (SZTNH) is Hungary's current National Intellectual Property Office. The historic material on their site is extensive and readily accessible. For patents the Szellemi Tulajdon Nemzeti Hivatala database in anglophone setting is most immediately helpful, simply using "V/h" as a keyword pertaining to our HU V/h patent classification, setting a date range as one sees fit, or searching by way of inventor name, or by way of Hungarian-magyar technical terms used in the patent or patents' title(s).

We are also looking into the Budapest City Archives, the Archives of Hungary and the Magyar Levéltárosok Egyesülete, that is the Association of Hungarian Archivists.

HERE WE HAVE ALL HUNGARIAN DATA FROM 1900-1916 (inclusive), around "Repülőgép"!

(The resources at the STIC facility will be handy, in terms of access to the Szabadalmi Kőzlőny publications, upon our next visit to the Scientific and Technical Information Center of the USPTO. Having original document displays on hand already, via the Szellemi Tulajdon Nemzeti Hivatala database in anglophone setting, the Szabadalmi Kőzlőny will serve more in terms of clues regarding integration of data, legalistic niceties and so forth, likely in terms of references made between patents.)


Patenting in the Austro-Hungarian empire

"The protection of intellectual property in Hungary [was] established in 1896 by virtue of Article 23 of Act XXXVII of 1895 on Patents for Inventions. Before this year there was invention protection by the grace of the king without numbering. The patenting based on subjective rights was started in 1895 together [with] Austria (. . . the Austrian-Hungarian Monarchy) and in 1896 the numbering started: 5802.[2]

Efficiency of finding relevant patents

  • It is in some ways more efficient to find Hungarian aero patents than to find such patents for other countries, because there is a classification V/h which has practically all the aero ones and no others. Then we back into discoveries of foreign filings of these, or of Hungarian patents which are foreign filings of others that we may have discovered or may not.

Patents of addition within the Hungarian system

“Pótszabadalom” translates as “replacement patent”, with the adverbial prefix “pót” also translating as “extra”. The more fully contextual phrase “Pótszabadalom a 46110. sz törzsszabadalomhoz”, for instance, translates as “Supplementary Patent to Master Patent No. 46110”.

These patents of addition are analogous to those within other national systems. Like the British and the Belgian, for instance, the patents are additions to specific other patents, without the new patent document being administratively treated as a distinct document type such as the French Certificat d'addition.

Hungarian patents within the international context

“Elsőbbsége” translates as “Priority”. This refers to the priority date in compliance with the Convention de Paris pour la protection de la propriété industrielle. These Hungarian references to earlier non-Hungarian patents are not so rare. See the original document of Patent HU-1917-75495 as an off-the-cuff example. A fair number of non-Hungarian patents likewise make reference to Hungarian predecessors, of course, though quite rarely giving the patent number, as is fairly normal across the international context. Patent AT-1902-13596 is one instance in which a non-Hungarian patent gives not only a Hungarian filing date but also the the Hungarian patent number, of Patent HU-1901-24148.

Treatment of the names of Hungarians

It is customary in Hungarian-Magyar, in the society and in the language, to have family name precede given name. This seems to be unique within the European context. The given name in particular may be cognate beyond the Hungarian sphere. Hungarian given names have been variously westernized, whereas non-Hungarian names have been magyarized if you will, within Hungarian data and as shown on Hungarian original documents. In general, we like to prioritize the name form of the individual, in his or her native language. Regarding Hungarian inventors, we have adopted the custom of treating the given name as the first name, in comportment with otherwise Western convenion, while retaining the Hungarian accent marks.

Hungarian developmental history more generally

Context with the Austro-Hungarian Empire

Administratively speaking, for our purposes, Hungary seems to have been distinct from Austria, with one sovereign holding sway over both, or over each, with corporate or other ties being as likely German, for instance, as Austrian. Austria-Hungary or the Austro-Hungarian Empire, as an inventor location and otherwise, seems to have been treated variously in the documents printed by governments across the international spectrum.

Also of note is that "Austria", or that territory falling within the Austrian portion of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, was also larger than the Austria of today. It seems to have administratively encompassed lands to the north of that greater Kingdom of Hungary. Cross-referencing between our patent data and the attached map, the "AH" territory to the southwest of the Kingdom of Hungary seems to have been as it were Hungarian, administratively speaking. (Also attached is a map indicating the situation and relative size of our contemporary nation of Hungary within our contemporary Europe. Individual inventor locations and so forth are being fleshed out as we proceed.)

Peculiar situation of Croatia

Attached is a map featuring the "Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen in 1914". The "Kingdom of Hungary" was significantly larger than the Hungarian nation as we know it today. For purposes of patent administration, the "Austro-Hungarian" lands to the southwest of this Kingdom of Hungary seem to have fallen under the auspices of the afore-mentioned Magyar Kiralyi Szabadalmi Hivital. This largely has to do with the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia, being distinct as a "Kingdom" while still falling under the "Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen". We are gathering data on Croatia, as such, partially in the interests of inventor location and so forth.

Size and population of Hungary itself

Hungary is listed as having 19.4m people in 1905,[1] but only 9.8m now.[3] Possibly it lost territory in WWI. This population shift should be adjusted for if counting patents/capita. It helps explain why there were so many Hungarian patents back then. The above-mentioned Croatian factors, among others, likely tie into this.

Visegrad Patent Institute

See Visegrad Patent Institute on English Wikipedia (for information on the "Visegrad countries", that is, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia as well as for leads relative to other international groups, this information and this establishment only possibly offering further leads as pertaining to our historic and archival interests).

Glossary/Hungarian

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Thompson, Handbook of Patent Law in All Countries 1905, pp. 137–140.
  2. ↑ The first ever Hungarian patented invention
  3. ↑ w:Hungary

List of persons

People affiliated with Hungary: Adalbert Plaček, Adam Kohn, Adolf Freiherr Odkolek von Augezd, Adrien Schmitt, Adrien-Edmond Martinot, Aladar de Bajza, Aladar Zoltán, Aladár Zsélyi, Alfréd Budai, Alfred Halleux, Alois Laube Jr., Andrej Kvas, Ange Fabris, Giovanni Antonio Salvatico, Árpád Zigány, Arthur Henry Edwards, Oszkár Asbóth, Attila Pédery, August Warchalowski, Aurel Vlaicu, Donát Bánki, Béla Dőry Jobaházi, Henrik Bier, Alajos Biró, József Bucher, Carl Edler von Radinger, Carl Franz Hubert Hertel, Carl Hanschke, Carl Wilhelm Paul, Charles Groombridge, Charles Mary, Christian Magnus Gyde Jensen, Corneille-Gustave-Ernest Trumelet-Faber, Costantino Costantini, Count Wladimir Skorzewski, Desiderius Varsányi, Detlev Zickler, Dr. Albert Eder, Dr. Bernhard Reinhard Beenen, Edmond Lévi, Edmund Roheim, Edmund Sparmann, Édouard Deniéport, Eduard Adamek, Eduard Penkala, Egyed Rudnay, Emanuel Kalisch, Emil Hyra, Emil Lehmann, Emil Némethy, Emil Schimanek, Erhard Cecil Kny, Eric Unge, Ernő Bajtay, Étienne Carret, Ferdinand Porsche, Franz Schneider, Franz Xaver Wels, Gabriel Babillot, Gabriel Letsch, Galeazzo Perotti, Georg Emil Oscar Lange, George Lanzius, George Matthews Lindsay Moore-Irvine, George Raymond Lawrence, Giulio Silvestri, Guido Antoni, Guidó Prodam, Gustav Behrens, Gustav Kerwat, Gustave Plaisant, Hanns Hörbiger, Hans Hermann Hocke, Hans Lohmann, Hans Freiherr von Schleinitz, Hans Windhoff, Heinrich Bauer, Heinrich Bruns, Jr., Heinrich Hildebrand, Heinrich Mack, Heinrich Suter, Hellmuth Hirth, Henry Calder Lobnitz, Hermann Hassenbach, Hermann Panschar, Hugo Erdmann, Hugo Junkers, Hugo Lentz, Isaac Bell, Jakob Haw, Ján Bahýľ, Jean Battistella, Jean Dusséqué, Jean Georges Ramel, Johannes Schilling, John Arthur Weis, John Washington Wilson, John Wilckens, Joseph Hofmann, Josef Simkó, Joseph de Pierpont de Burnot, Joseph Pischiutta, Joseph Wetterwald, József Fenyvesi, Julius Hermann Carl Gebauer, Julius Mandello, Julius Pompe, Karl Klinkosch, Karl Pollacsek, Károly Nagy, Louis Blériot, Louis Constantin, Louis Pasquali, Louis-Alexandre Cosme, Louis-Léon Capou, Lucien-Joseph-Antonin Albessard, Ludwig Schmidl, József Marek, Marschall Antal, Martin Diederich Rucker, Max Hinek, Max Martin Bock, Michael Stefan Bjelvučić, Michel Schleiffer, Mihály Székely, Nazaire Lacrotte, Oscar Gerhardt, Oskar Dudić, Oskar Ursinus, Otto Albin Budig, Ottó Krausz, Otto Schüle, Pál Kazvinczky, Pál Vágó, Pál Vargha, Paul Lehmann, Paul Michael, Paul Petres, Paul Robin, Pierre Altan, Pierre Levasseur, Raphael Billi, Reinhold Richter, Robert Nau, Roman Frohner, Rudolf Krocker, Rudolf Penkala, Rudolf Wagner, Sam Leonard Walkden, Sergei Tscherwinsky, Severin Schneider, Stefan Hunyor de Visoly, Stephen Balzer, Viktor Tarczal, Sándor Temesváry, Theodor Steinmann, Tibor Melczer, Trajan Vuia, Ugo Antoni, Vilmos Zurowec, Vincent Wisniewski, Waldemar Porak, Wilhelm Kauertz, William Alfred South, William Francis Wiles

Patents filed by Hungarians

This wiki has 426 Hungarian patents and 204 patents filed by people in or from Hungary.

Patents filed by Hungarians

Patents filed in Hungary

Patents filed in Hungary

More...

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