Wilhelm Kress
Wilhelm Kress was an engineer and aero inventor in Vienna, Austria. He built two powered gliders which could be called early airplanes.
Kress was born in St. Petersburg but lived in Vienna from 1858–1864 (ages ~22–28) and moved there permanently in 1873. He was one of the first people in Vienna working on airplane design, and some of his work was featured in Silberer's 1888 exhibition. [1]
Kress known for 1901 water landing craft.[2] ; 1900 stick control; Kress is described in several places as not having sought a patent. Simine's list includes a 1898 "Tandem triplane". Google patents shows no patents for Kress before about 1910, but this page shows a couple of 1897 and 1898 patent drawings.[3] We want all Kress's patents and inventions here eventually.
Keimel gives specifications for four most important aircraft constructed by Kress:[4]
- Captiv-Schraube (1895)
- Drachenflieger I (1900)
- Drachenflieger II (1903)
- Flugmaschine ohne Anlauf (1911–1913) – corresponds to Patent AT-1909-40038; with body built by Firma C. Goldebrand in Vienna and completed after Kress's death in 1913 with a motor by Jacob Lohner & Co..
Both the Drachenflieger were equipped with Daimler motors.
Google patents lists one from GB and one from FR:[5]
- Patent GB-1910-2294 Improvements in Flying Machines. GB191002294A Wilhelm Kress Priority 1909-02-23 • Filing 1910-01-29 • Publication 1910-05-19 #2294 Aerial machines without aerostats; planes, arrangement of; steering; propelling.-The fixed supporting-planes n of the aerial machine are arranged stepwise, and the propellers bare mounted so as to be adjustable to act either for lifting or . . .airplane
- Patent FR-1910-412059 - FR412059A Wilhelm Kress Wilhelm Kress Priority 1910-01-31 • Filing 1910-01-31 • Grant 1910-07-02 • Publication 1910-07-02
Patents whose inventor or applicant is Wilhelm Kress or Wilhelm Kreß
- Patent DE-1879-8706 (English title: Steerable powered airship called Aërovéloce, Filing date: 1879-07-19)
- Patent AT-1909-40038 (English title: Flying machine emphasizing adjustable propellers aiding both in propulsion and ascension, Filing date: 1909-02-23)
- Patent AT-1909-40038 (English title: Flying machine emphasizing adjustable propellers aiding both in propulsion and ascension, Filing date: 1909-02-23)
- Patent GB-1910-2294 (English title: Toothed wheel and hollow axle for controlling direction of propellers, Supplementary to patent: Patent AT-1909-40038, Filing date: 1910-01-29)
- Patent FR-1910-412059 (English title: Aeroplane, actually hybrid featuring adjustable propellers which aid in ascension as well as forward propulsion, Supplementary to patent: Patent AT-1909-40038, Filing date: 1910-01-31)
- Patent HU-1910-53739 (English title: Equipment for adjusting aircraft propellers, Supplementary to patent: Patent AT-1909-40038, Filing date: 1910-01-31)
Publications by or about Wilhelm Kress or Wilhelm Kreß
- Kress, , Eroberg. d. Luft (Simple title: Conquest of the air, Journal: Rundschau für Technik und Wirtschaft)
- Kress, 1880, Aërovéloce. Lenkbare Flugmaschine erfunden und beschreiben von W. K. (Simple title: Aërovéloce. Steerable flying machine invented and described by W. K.)
- Publication 408, 1880, Aëroveloce. Aëroveloce Lenkbare Flugmachine von W. Kress (Simple title: Aëroveloce Steerable Aviation Machine by W. Kress)
- Kress, 1887, Wind und Wellenflug (Simple title: Wind and wave flight, Journal: Zeitschr. Luftsch.)
- Kress, 1888, Ueber Wind und Segelflug (Simple title: About wind and gliding, Journal: Zeitschr. Luftsch.)
- Kress, 1892, Experimental-Vortrag über Luftschifffahrt im Wiener Flugtechnischen Verein (Simple title: Experimental Lecture on Air Navigation at the Vienna Flight Technology Association, Journal: Zeitschr. Luftsch.)
- Kress, 1893, Der persönliche Kunstflug. Vortrag gehalten am 21 März 1893 im Wiener flugtechnischen Verein (Simple title: The personal aerobatics. Lecture held on March 21, 1893 at the Vienna Flight-Technology Association, Journal: Zeitschr. Luftsch.)
- Kress, 1894, The theory of sailing flight (Simple title: The theory of sailing flight, Journal: Aeronautics)
- Kress, 1894, Note on the elastic air-screw (Simple title: Note on the elastic air-screw, Journal: Aeronautics)
- Kress, 1894, Aeroplanes and flapping flying machines (Simple title: Aeroplanes and flapping flying machines, Journal: Aeronautics)
- Kress, 1896, Die Stabilität von Drachenfliegern (Simple title: The stability of hang gliders, Journal: Zeitschr. Luftsch.)
- Kress, 1896, Drachenflieger und Schraubenflieger (Simple title: Airplanes and helicopters, Journal: Zeitschr. Luftsch.)
- Kress, 1896, Ueber die Stabilität des Drachenfliegers in ruhiger und bewegter Luft (Simple title: About the stability of the Drachenflieger in calm and moving air, Journal: Zeitschr. Luftsch.)
- Kress, 1897, Zusammenlegbarer Drachen für den freien Gleitflug und an der Schnur zu steigen (Simple title: Collapsible kite for free gliding and climbing on the rope, Journal: Ill. Aër. Mitt.)
- Lorenz, 1898, Zum Artikel des Herrn Wilhelm Kress: Ueber dynamische Luftschifffahrt (Simple title: To the article of Mr. Wilhelm Kress: About dynamic air navigation, Journal: Zeitschr. Luftsch.)
- Kress, 1899, Berichtigung zur 'Theoretischen Beurtheilung des Kress'schen Drachenfliegers' (Simple title: Correction to the 'Theoretical Judgment of the Kressian Hang Glider', Journal: Zeitschr. Luftsch.)
- Lorenz, 1899, Theoretische Beurtheilung des Kres'schen Drachenfliegers (Simple title: Theoretical judgment of Kress's kite flyer, Journal: Zeitschr. Luftsch.)
- Dienstbach, 1899, Zur theoretischen Beurtheilung des Kress'schen Drachenfliegers (Simple title: Theoretical judgment of the Kress's hang glider, Journal: Zeitschr. Luftsch.)
- Forkarth, 1900, Etwas über die ersten Versuche mit dem Kress'schen Drachenflieger (Simple title: Something about the first attempts with the Kressian hang glider, Journal: Zeitschr. Luftsch.)
- Kress, 1900, Bau des Kress'schen Drachenfliegers (Simple title: Construction of Kress's kite flyer, Journal: Zeitschr. Oest. Ing. Arch. Ver.)
- Kress, 1900, Captiv-Schraube (Simple title: Captive screw propeller, Journal: Zeitschr. Luftsch.)
- Kress, 1901, Bericht über den Stand Versuche mit einem Drachenflieger (Simple title: Report on the state Experiments with a hang glider, Journal: Ill. Aër. Mitt.)
- Publication 5630, 1901, Der verunglückte Versuch mit dem Drachenflieger des Ingenieurs Kress (Simple title: The accident with the hang glider of the engineer Kress, Journal: Umschau)
- Publication 5631, 1901, Die Flugmaschine des Ingenieurs W. Kress in Wien (Simple title: The engineer W. Kress flying machine in Vienna, Journal: Umschau)
- Publication 6927, 1901, The Kress dragon flyer (Simple title: The Kress kite flyer, Journal: Aër. Journ.)
- Publication 6926, 1901, The Kress aeroplane (Simple title: The Kress aeroplane, Journal: Scient. Amer.)
- Blanchet, 1901, L'aviateur Kress (Simple title: The aviator Kress, Journal: L'Aérophile)
- Buttenstedt, 1901, Zum Unfall des Wiener Luftschiffers Kress (Simple title: The accident of the Viennese airship Kress, Journal: Kirchhoff's Techn. Blätt.)
- Wellner, 1901, Werth und Bedeutung der Radflieger für die Luftschiffahrt (Simple title: Value and importance of the Radflieger for aeronautics, Journal: Ill. Aër. Mitt.)
- Kress, 1902, Bericht über den gegenwärtigen Stand des Baues meines Drachenfliegers und über meine Hoffnungen (Simple title: Report on the current status of the construction of my hang glider and my hopes, Journal: Ill. Aër. Mitt.)
- Kress, 1902, Der Neue Kress'sche Drachenflieger (Simple title: The New Kressian Hang Glider, Journal: Wien. Luftsch. Zeit.)
- Kress, 1902, Ueber dynamische Luftschiffahrt mit Vorführung freifliegender Apparate (Simple title: About dynamic air navigation with demonstration of free-flying apparatus, Journal: Zeitschr. Luftsch. • Verein zur Verbreitung Naturwiss. Kenntniss. Schriften)
- Kress, 1902, Bericht über meinen Unfall bei einer Fahrt auf dem Wasser mit meinem Drachenflieger (Simple title: Report about my accident on a ride on the water with my hang glider, Journal: Ill. Aër. Mitt.)
- Adar, 1902, Neues von Kress (Simple title: Neues von Kress, Journal: Wien. Luftsch. Zeit.)
- Hoernes, 1903, Die Luftschiffahrt der Gegenwart (Simple title: The airship of the present)
- Kress, 1903, Dynamic flying machines (Simple title: Dynamic flying machines, Journal: Autocar)
- Publication 6958a, 1904, Wilhelm Kress (Simple title: Wilhelm Kress, Journal: Wien. Luftsch. Zeit.)
- Kress, 1905, Aviatik. Wie der Vogel fliegt und der Mensch fliegen wird (Simple title: Aviation. How the bird flies and man will fly)
- Kress, 1905, Aviatik. Wie der Vogel fliegt und wie der Mensch fliegen wird.' Erwiderung (Simple title: Aviation. How the bird flies and how man will fly. Reply, Journal: Ill. Aër. Mitt.)
- Nimführ, 1905, Aviatik. Wie der Vogel fliegt und der Mensch fliegen wird. von Wilhelm Kress (Simple title: Aviation. How the bird flies and man will fly. by Wilhelm Kress, Journal: Ill. Aër. Mitt.)
- Kress, 1906, Der Einfluss des Windes auf frei in der Luft fliegende Körper (1) (Simple title: The influence of the wind on free airborne bodies, Journal: Ill. Aër. Mitt.)
- Kress, 1906, Der Einfluss des Windes auf frei in der Luft fliegende Körper (2) (Simple title: The influence of the wind on free airborne bodies, Journal: Wien. Luftsch. Zeit.)
- Kress, 1906, Von der Mailänder Ausstellung (Simple title: From the Milan exhibition, Journal: Wien. Luftsch. Zeit.)
- Kress, 1906, Irrtümliche Auffassungen über das Flugproblem (Simple title: Misconceptions about the flight problem, Journal: Ill. Aër. Mitt.)
- Kress, 1907, Aeronautische Terminologie (Simple title: Aeronautical terminology, Journal: Ill. Aër. Mitt.)
- Dienstbach, 1907, Practical air craft (Simple title: Practical air craft, Journal: Nav. the Air)
- Kress, 1908, The future of the aeroplane (Simple title: The future of the aeroplane, Journal: Aeronautics)
- Kress, 1908, Quelques considérations sur la vol des oiseaux (Simple title: Some considerations on bird flight, Journal: L'Aéro-Mécanique)
- Kress, 1909, Comment l'oiseau vole et comment l'homme volera (Simple title: How the bird flies and how the man will fly)
- Avia (Simple title: Avia, Journal: Avia)
- Kress, 1913, Wilhelm Kress -- 24. Februar 1913 (Simple title: Wilhelm Kress â 24th February 1913, Journal: Öst. Flug-Zeit.)
- Kress, 1913, Enthüllungsfeier des Kresz-Denkmales am Tullnerbachbassin (Simple title: Unveiling ceremony of the Kresz monument at the Tullnerbach basin, Journal: Öst. Flug-Zeit.)
- Kress, 1913, Kress als Prophet (Simple title: Kress as a prophet, Journal: Wien. Luftsch. Zeit.)
- Kress, 1913, Ein Grabdenmal für Weiland Ing. Kress (Simple title: A grave monument for Weiland Ing. Kress, Journal: Öst. Flug-Zeit.)
- Kress, 1913, Das Kress-Denkmal in Tullnerbach (Simple title: The Kress monument in Tullnerbach, Journal: Wien. Luftsch. Zeit.)
- Bracke, 1913, La mort de W. Kress (Simple title: The death of W. Kress, Journal: La Conq. l'Air)
- Publication B2p0733e02, 1913, L'hydroaéroplane William Kress (Simple title: William Kress's hydroaeroplane, Journal: La Conq. l'Air)
- Kress, 1915, History of the evolution of my first flying model of a kite flyer in 1887 (Simple title: History of the evolution of my first flying model of a kite flyer in 1887, Journal: Aeronautics)
- Keimel, 1981, Österreichs Luftfahrzeuge (Simple title: Österreichs Luftfahrzeuge)
Sources
- Short's DB
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelm_Kress
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kress_Drachenflieger
- http://flyingmachines.ru/Site2/Crafts/Craft29129.htm
- http://www.ctie.monash.edu.au/hargrave/kress.html
- https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kress_Drachenflieger
References
Names | Wilhelm Kress; Wilhelm Kreß |
---|---|
Birth date | 1836-07-29 |
Death date | 1913-02-24 |
Countries | RU, AT |
Locations | St. Petersburg, Vienna |
Occupations | engineer |
Tech areas | Airplane, Marine |
Affiliations | |
Wikidata id | Q112241 |