Russia
RU is an abbreviation in this wiki referring to Russia.
There is an online Russian-to-English dictionary on Wikisource from 1945 and we can use URLs to link to the page on which a definition is found.[1]
Aero history
Военная аэронавтика - Б. Д. Потёмкин, that is, "Military Aviation" ; this work may be handy, in terms of history and perhaps in terms of historiography. This work, published in 1888, was sought in the interests of its being cited in connection with the early airplane of Alexandr Fedorovich Mozhaiskii. Comte Antoine Apraxine and others stand out prominently as well. Aside from touching upon a few early Russian aero-luminaries, the book begins with some references to key French, German and British journals. Then it goes over broad principles, aeronautics, or more properly it explores aerostatic systems, in great detail, and moves into aerodynamics. This may be a key theoretical overview analysis, from the Late 19th Century Russian point of view.
Russia commissioned an airship from Lebaudy Frères and received it in 1909.[2]
Patents
Russia granted patents before 1845. For Russians these lasted 10 years; for foreigners, only 1–6 years (at a cost of 200 roubles per annum). There were no supplements or extensions, and inventions had to be put into practice within six months.[3]
As of 1881, the The Russian Empire's Department of Trade and Manufactures (Департамента торговли и мануфактур) granted patents, based on one example.[4]
See also
References
- ↑ https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Index:Dictionary_of_spoken_Russian_(1945).djvu
- ↑ The Aero, Vol. 1, 20 July 1909, p. 134. "The Lebaudy airship Russie has now been packed up and despatched to Russia, so that even that backward country is in front of England, as she possesses a really first-class dirigible."
- ↑ Urling, 1845, p. 266.
- ↑ Mozhaisky's 1881 patent on Wikisource
Extended Patent Reports
This wiki has 3 Russian patents and 110 patents filed by Russians.
By grant year:
By filing year:
Patents filed in Russia
- Patent RU-1880-103 (English title: Aeronautical equipment, Inventors: Alexandr Fedorovich Mozhaiskii)
- Patent RU-1888-Raziewitsch (English title: Helicopter, Inventors: Raziewitsch)
- Patent RU-1905-Rebikov (English title: Helicopter, Inventors: Vassily Rebikov)
Patents filed by Russians
- Patent BE-1911-05-15 Georges de Bothezat (English title: Airplane of automatic stability, Inventors: Georges de Bothezat)
- Patent IT-1907-91047 (English title: Steering balloon and boats, Inventors: Roman Pomianowski, Supplementary to patent: Patent FR-1908-381285)
- Patent NL-1912-70 (English title: Device for utilizing the internal energy of the undulating and turbulent elements (middle materials), Inventors: Capitaine Jan Jaaksen)
- Patent BE-1914-267037 (English title: Device that can serve as a flying machine, vehicle and hydroplane at the same time, Inventors: W. Kurtschynski)
- Patent FR-1864-64369 (English title: Aerial navigation system with ammonia gas, Inventors: Nicholas de Telescheff • Michniewicz)
- Patent FR-1877-118987 (English title: Improvements to aerial balloons, Inventors: Comte Antoine Apraxine)
- Patent FR-1878-124576 (English title: Improvements to aerial balloons, Inventors: Comte Antoine Apraxine)
- Patent US-1879-213603 (English title: Aerial balloon, Inventors: Comte Antoine Apraxine)
- Patent DE-1879-6372 (English title: Innovations on balloons, Inventors: Comte Antoine Apraxine)
- Patent FR-1880-124576E2 (English title: improvements brought to aerial balloons, Inventors: Comte Antoine Apraxine, Supplementary to patent: Patent FR-1878-124576)
- Patent FR-1880-124576E1 (English title: improvements brought to aerial balloons, Inventors: Comte Antoine Apraxine, Supplementary to patent: Patent FR-1878-124576)
- Patent ES-1880-1217 (English title: improvements brought to aerial balloons, Inventors: Comte Antoine Apraxine)
- Patent CA-1881-13782 (English title: Improvements in aerial balloons, Inventors: Comte Antoine Apraxine)
- Patent DE-1881-Moshaiski (English title: Aircraft with motor, Inventors: Moshaiski)
- Patent DE-1881-18228 (English title: Control device for airships, Inventors: Otto Graf, Supplementary to patent: 1881/10/15)
- Patent FR-1881-124576E3 (English title: improvements brought to aerial balloons, Inventors: Comte Antoine Apraxine, Supplementary to patent: Patent FR-1878-124576)
- Patent RU-1880-103 (English title: Aeronautical equipment, Inventors: Alexandr Fedorovich Mozhaiskii)
- Patent ES-1882-1522 (English title: A system of new improvement in air balloons, Inventors: Comte Antoine Apraxine, Supplementary to patent: Patent ES-1881-1217)
- Patent CA-1881-13781 (English title: Improvements in Aerial Balloons, Inventors: Comte Antoine Apraxine)
- Patent RU-1888-Raziewitsch (English title: Helicopter, Inventors: Raziewitsch)
- Patent US-1893-511472 (English title: Tubular structure filled with gaseous fluid, Inventors: Joachim Adolfowicz SUMOVSKI)
- Patent US-1893-510492 (English title: Balloon, Inventors: Joachim Adolfowicz SUMOVSKI)
- Patent DE-1899-103105 (English title: Airship consisting of wing mechanism hanging from a balloon, Inventors: Konstantin Danilewsky)
- Patent FR-1903-335422 (Inventors: Wassilly LOMOFF)
- Patent FR-1904-340357 (English title: Aviation apparatus, Inventors: Georges Willaime)
- Patent RU-1905-Rebikov (English title: Helicopter, Inventors: Vassily Rebikov)
- Patent DE-1906-207740 (English title: Airscrew, Inventors: Vassily Rebikov)
- Patent FR-1906-364164 (English title: Aviation system, Inventors: Vassily Rebikov, Supplementary to patent: Patent RU-1905-Rebikov)
- Patent DE-1906-190421 (English title: Balloon railway, Inventors: Anempodist Wertogradsky)
- Patent FR-1907-376236 (English title: Balloon railway, Inventors: Anempodist Vertogradsky, Supplementary to patent: Patent DE-1906-190421)
- Patent GB-1906-6502 (English title: Helicopter-Airplane, Inventors: Vassily Rebikov, Supplementary to patent: Patent RU-1905-Rebikov)
- Patent FR-1908-390515 (Inventors: Wladimir Tatarinoff)
- Patent FR-1908-390933 (English title: Device realizing the solution of the basic problem of aerostation, Inventors: Etienne de Ostchefsky-Krouglik)
- Patent DK-1908-10764 (English title: Balloon railway, Inventors: Anempodist Wertogradsky, Supplementary to patent: Patent DE-1906-190421)
- Patent FR-1908-387393 (English title: improvements to dirigibles, Inventors: Pierre Tkatchenko)
- Patent FR-1908-381285 (English title: control for balloons, etc., Inventors: Roman POMIANOWSKI)
- Patent FR-1907-394309 (English title: Orthopter apparatus, Inventors: Spiridon Tsapenko • Joseph-Michel-Ambroise Farcot)
- Patent DE-1909-228654 (English title: Apparatus for climbing and reaching into the air by the recoil of exploding gas mixtures, Inventors: ANTOONOVICH)
- Patent FR-1909-394677 (Inventors: Jan Cymbalist)
- Patent GB-1909-29150 (Inventors: Konstantin TZIOLKOVSKI)
- Patent FR-1909-398599 (English title: Improvements to driving paddles for aerostats, Inventors: Georges Veriga-Darewsky)
- Patent GB-1908-16300 (English title: Improvements in and relating to Air Ships and the like, Inventors: Ivan Osipovitch Tzimbalist)
- Patent FR-1910-413000 (Inventors: Wasily LEWITSKY)
- Patent FR-1910-409203 (Inventors: Alexis Lupoff)
- Patent FR-1910-418531 (Inventors: Nicolai PORUBIN)
- Patent FR-1910-417192 (English title: aerial train, Inventors: Spiridon Tsapenko)
- Patent GB-1910-30139 (Inventors: Nicolas DE BENOIS)
- Patent FR-1910-410886 (English title: Air-Ship, Inventors: Floryan GRUBINSKI)
- Patent FR-1910-410207 (Inventors: ZELENSKY MICHEL DE)
- Patent FR-1910-416267 (Inventors: Nicolas DE BENOIS)
- Patent GB-1910-14476 (English title: Improvements in automatic balance, equilibrium and steering of flying-machines, Inventors: Chessborough Mackenzie-Kennedy)
- Patent US-1910-976732 (English title: Gyroscopic rocket, Inventors: Nicolas GHERASSIMOFF)
- Patent GB-1910-14455 (English title: Improvements in propellers for aerial machines, Inventors: Jakob Wojciechowski)
- Patent FR-1910-406180 (English title: Aeroplane system, Inventors: Alexis Rogestvensky, Supplementary to patent: Patent-AT-1911-49294)
- Patent GB-1909-18829 (English title: Improvements in Aeroplanes, Inventors: Alexis Rogestvensky, Supplementary to patent: Patent-AT-1911-49294)
- Patent FR-1909-417741.13209 (English title: Aeroplane, Inventors: Spiridon Tsapenko, Supplementary to patent: Patent FR-1909-417741)
- Patent FR-1909-417741 (English title: Aeroplane, Inventors: Spiridon Tsapenko)
- Patent GB-1909-14476 (English title: Improvements in Automatically Balancing and Maintaining the Equilibrium and Steering of Flying-machines, Inventors: Chessborough Henry James Mackenzie-Kennedy)
- Patent FR-1911-424474 (Inventors: Nicolas DE BENOIS)
- Patent GB-1911-9109 (Inventors: Michael OUSCHKOFF)
- Patent FR-1911-428604 (Inventors: Michael OUSCHKOFF)
- Patent FR-1911-421799 (Inventors: Arthur LELEU)
- Patent GB-1911-12232 (Inventors: Jan JAAKSON)
- Patent FR-1911-419490 (English title: metallic aerostat, Inventors: Konstantin TZIOLKOVSKI)
- Patent FR-1911-425211 (Inventors: Adolph KLEIN)
- Patent NO-1911-21587 (Inventors: Nicolaus DE BENOIS)
- Patent GB-1911-16463 (Inventors: Nicolas KAMARIN)
- Patent FR-1911-431069 (Inventors: Jan JAAKSON)
- Patent FR-1911-432031 (Inventors: Michael Rukawischnikoff)
- Patent FR-1911-427557 (Inventors: Oleg DE WASSILKOVSKY)
- Patent US-1911-999337 (English title: Helicopter hybrid, Inventors: Vassily Rebikov, Supplementary to patent: Patent RU-1905-Rebikov)
- Patent FR-1911-14071 (Inventors: Nicolas DE BENOIS)
- Patent GB-1912-11493 (English title: Aeroplane having Automatic Stability, Inventors: Georges de Bothezat, Supplementary to patent: Patent BE-1911-05-15 Georges de Bothezat)
- Patent FR-1912-435057 (Inventors: Alexander POLESTCHUK)
- Patent FR-1912-445339 (English title: Process and apparatus for setting an airplane into movement by the pilot himself, without the help of an assistant, Inventors: Michel Efimoff)
- Patent FR-1912-434077 (Inventors: Paul BENNI)
- Patent AU-1912-545612 (English title: Aeroplane having automatic stability, Inventors: Georges de Bothezat, Supplementary to patent: Patent BE-1911-05-15 Georges de Bothezat)
- Patent GB-1912-8591 (Inventors: Nicolas GLOBA)
- Patent GB-1912-20941 (Inventors: Michaed ROUKAWISCHNIKOFF)
- Patent ES-1912-53109 (English title: A, automatically stable airplane, Inventors: Georges de Bothezat, Supplementary to patent: Patent BE-1911-05-15 Georges de Bothezat)
- Patent FR-1912-444219 (English title: apparatus designed to hover in place, in the air, and to rise, without the aeroplane changing elevation (or even taking off?), Inventors: Georges AGARONOFF)
- Patent FR-1912-448807 (English title: Airplane, Inventors: Adalbert Plaček)
- Patent GB-1912-21631 (English title: Improvements in or relating to Aerial Machines, that is airplane, Inventors: Adalbert Plaček)
- Patent FR-1912-443330 (English title: Automatically stabilized aeroplane, Inventors: Georges de Bothezat, Supplementary to patent: Patent BE-1911-05-15 Georges de Bothezat)
- Patent-AT-1911-49294 (English title: Device for flying machines, Inventors: Alexis Rogestvensky)
- Patent US-1912-1024102 (English title: Flying-machine, Inventors: Alexis Rogestvensky, Supplementary to patent: Patent-AT-1911-49294)
- Patent FR-1912-16054 (Inventors: Jan JAAKSON)
- Patent FR-1912-15474 (Inventors: Michael Rukawischnikoff)
- Patent US-1913-1065656 (Inventors: Paul BENNI)
- Patent FR-1913-459262 (Inventors: Alexei SCHIDKOFF)
- Patent FR-1913-459222 (English title: Airplane stability device, Inventors: Sergei Sergei Tscherwinsky, Supplementary to patent: Patent AT-1913-66955)
- Patent GB-1913-11999 (English title: Airplane stability apparatus, Inventors: Sergei Tscherwinsky, Supplementary to patent: Patent AT-1913-66955)
- Patent GB-1913-17034 (Inventors: Nicolas DE BENOIS)
- Patent FR-1913-459230 (Inventors: Nicolas GLOBA)
- Patent FR-1913-461463 (Inventors: Nicolas DE BENOIS)
- Patent FR-1913-463010 (English title: Aeroplane with a movable weight, aiding in stability, particularly during landing and take-off, Inventors: Boleslaw Jeziowski)
- Patent GB-1913-8034 (English title: Air-ships, Inventors: Ogneslav Ignaz Kosstovitch)
- Patent FR-1914-462243 (Inventors: Wladimir KOURTSCHYNSKI)
- Patent AT-1913-66955 (English title: Airplane with features of automatic stability based entirely in the phenomena of aerodynamics, Inventors: Sergei Tscherwinsky)
- Patent CH-1912-63001 (English title: Aeroplane of automatic stability, Inventors: Georges de Bothezat, Supplementary to patent: Patent BE-1911-05-15 Georges de Bothezat)
- Patent CH-1913-64628 (English title: Airplane with apparatus of automatic stability, Inventors: Sergei Tscherwinsky, Supplementary to patent: Patent AT-1913-66955)
- Patent DK-1912-18402 (English title: Aeroplane that is automatically kept stable, Inventors: Georges de Bothezat, Supplementary to patent: Patent BE-1911-05-15 Georges de Bothezat)
- Patent HU-1912-64116 (English title: Self-stabiling aeroplane, Inventors: Georges de Bothezat, Supplementary to patent: Patent BE-1911-05-15 Georges de Bothezat)
- Patent CH-1912-63003 (English title: Monoplane, Inventors: Adalbert Plaček)
- Patent HU-1913-63964 (English title: Airplane with stabilizing device, Inventors: Sergei Tscherwinsky, Supplementary to patent: Patent AT-1913-66955)
- Patent FR-1915-474926 (English title: Airplane wing system, Inventors: Théodore de Terestchenko • Alfred de Pischof)
- Patent US-1915-1143894 (English title: Combined aero, hydro, and auto plane, Inventors: Bronislaw Drozinski)
- Patent FR-1915-476681 (English title: Airplane of multiple levels(or wings) in which each level(or set of wings) works independently, Inventors: Alexandre Bezobrazoff)
- Patent FR-1915-475393 (English title: Aeroplane, Inventors: Gregory Tschetschett • Sergei Maslenikoff • Paul Ustritseff)
- Patent FR-1916-481332 (English title: Helicopter-Plane (?), Inventors: Lyoubomir Boïovitch)