Wing warping
Wing-twisting technique figuring into the Wright Brothers patent dispute. Patent GB-1904-6732, Patent US-1903-821393.
Katharine Wright to Alexander Ogilvie 27-Feb-1913 and plenty more letters.
Berriman, 1913, Some thoughts on stability and control discusses issues with stability when using wing warping to steer an airplane.
See: w:Wing warping, w:Wright brothers patent war
Enclosing categories | Navigation, Airfoil |
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Subcategories | |
Keywords | CPC B64C3/52, Aileron |
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Hallion, 2003, p. 290:
The Wright's patent problems started with the voluble if well-meaning Octave Chanute. In early 1903 Chanute described the wing-warping principle to the Aéro-Club de France, the key factor alerting French researchers to the importance of roll control. A year later Robert Esnault-Pelterie translated these vague ideas into rudimentary ailerons, which he and other pioneers (including Blériot and Levasseur) fitted to their aircraft before Wilbur Wright flew in Europe. Defendants seeking to circumvent the Wright's patents pointed to Chanute's talk, but also to earlier work by Goupil and Mouillard.
Comment: B64C3/52 seems to cover wing warping as described by the Wrights and others but doesn't include their patents. Reasons could have to do with politics, accidents of classification, or with a non-obvious nuance of the category itself. Notice that B64C3/52 is enclosed by CPC B64C3/44]], "camber"—i.e. a wing bending which might be a permanent feature.
This wiki has 77 patents in category "Wing warping". Other techtypes related to Wing warping: Cables, CH 129c, CH 79i, CPC B64C3/52, Flexibility, FR 5.3
Patents in category Wing warping
- Patent BE-1914-264313 (English title: Process for varying the speed of airplanes to change the curvatures of the wings, Inventors: C.-R. Pollak)
- Patent BE-1911-Coster-warping (English title: Construction of warping wing surfaces for airplanes and the like, as well as means for controlling the warping of these surfaces, Inventors: Charles de Coster)
- Patent BE-1914-266445 (English title: Automatic stability apparatus for airplanes, etc., being at the same time a rudder combining controls for wing-warping, steering and elevation (pointedly applicable to helicopters as well), Inventors: Joseph de Pierpont de Burnot)
- Patent NZ-1911-27491 (English title: Aeroplane, Inventors: Kenneth McKenzie Fraser)
- Patent GB-1897-13372 (English title: multiplane glider, Inventors: Octave Chanute)
- Patent FR-1904-342188 (English title: Aeronautic machines, Inventors: Orville Wright • Wilbur Wright)
- Patent DE-1907-216650 (English title: Monoplane with warpable wingpair, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie)
- Patent FR-1908-392672 (English title: Warping airplane wings of variable-controllable lift power, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie)
- Patent FR-1908-384125 (English title: Aeronautic machines, Inventors: Wilbur Wright • Orville Wright)
- Patent FR-1908-373818.9591 (English title: Aeroplane hydropneumatic shock-absorbers along with more on wings and frame, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie)
- Patent FR-1908-373818.8769 (English title: Airplane wing warping and stability, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie)
- Patent GB-1908-10528 (English title: automatic wing-warping, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie)
- Patent FR-1908-384124 (English title: Aeronautic machines, Inventors: Wilbur Wright • Orville Wright)
- Patent FR-1909-397199.11461 (English title: Airplane, the wing warping thereof, Inventors: Robert Nau)
- Patent FR-1909-392672.10957 (English title: Warping airplane wings of variable-controllable lift power, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie)
- Patent GB-1909-8179 (English title: Sustaining Planes for Aeroplanes)
- Patent FR-1909-392672.10853 (English title: Warping airplane wings of variable-controllable lift power, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie)
- Patent FR-1909-397675.10703 (English title: Flexible airplane system with warpable wings and with with variable angle of inflight wind resistance "attack" all controlled by one lever, Inventors: Jules-Désiré Gaillard)
- Patent FR-1909-397675.11096 (English title: Flexible airplane system with warpable wings and with with variable angle of inflight wind resistance "attack" all controlled by one lever, Inventors: Jules-Désiré Gaillard)
- Patent FR-1908-397675 (English title: Flexible airplane system with warpable wings and with with variable angle of inflight wind resistance "attack" all controlled by one lever, Inventors: Jules-Désiré Gaillard)
- Patent FR-1909-392672.11199 (English title: Warping airplane wings of variable-controllable lift power, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie)
- Patent FR-1909-392672.11397 (English title: Warping airplane wings of variable-controllable lift power, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie)
- Patent FR-1909-392672.11399 (English title: Warping airplane wings of variable-controllable lift power, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie)
- Patent FR-1908-392672.10000 (English title: Warping airplane wings of variable-controllable lift power, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie)
- Patent GB-1908-24076 (English title: Flying Machines, Inventors: Orville Wright • Wilbur Wright)
- Patent FR-1909-392672.11077 (English title: Warping airplane wings of variable-controllable lift power, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie)
- Patent FR-1910-405849 (English title: Improved wing structure, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie)
- Patent FR-1910-417325 (English title: Shock absorber for airplanes, Inventors: Jacques-Jules Sloan)
- Patent FR-1910-417668 (English title: Deformable ''[[nervure]]'' applicable, among other objects, to the construction of surfaces (such, for example as sustaining surfaces for aerial navigation) and, in particular, to warpable surfaces or elementary propulsive surfaces, and therefore to the construction of propellers, and, in particular, Inventors: Paul Zens)
- Patent FR-1909-407712 (English title: Airplane system, Inventors: Jean-Pierre Tihon)
- Patent FR-1910-414004 (English title: Airplane, Inventors: Jacques-Jules Sloan)
- Patent FR-1910-392672.12882 (English title: Warping airplane wings of variable-controllable lift power, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie)
- Patent FR-1909-405602 (English title: Biplane airplane system having the appearance of the monoplane, Inventors: Armand-Alvarez Penteado)
- Patent DE-1907-228604 (English title: Apparatus for warping the wings of airplanes, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie)
- Patent HU-1910-56472 (English title: Equipment for distorting aeroplanes' support staggers into screws)
- Patent FR-1909-392672.11398 (English title: Warping airplane wings of variable-controllable lift power, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie)
- Patent FR-1909-405849.11380 (English title: Improved wing structure, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie)
- Patent FR-1910-412049 (English title: Airplane wing control, Inventors: Raymond Saulnier)
- Patent CH-1910-52353 (English title: Airplane wing-warping apparatus)
- Patent ES-1910-48286 (English title: A device for helizoidal deformation of airplane wings)
- Patent GB-1910-14760 (English title: Improvements relating to the control of aeroplanes (by way of helicoidal wing warping))
- Patent DE-1908-222674 (English title: Airplane with warpable wing, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie)
- Patent FR-1909-418560 (English title: Method and device for making it possible to modify the curvature of active surfaces, such as for example airfoils, of airplanes and the like during the journey, Inventors: Louis Blériot)
- Patent GB-1911-7303 (English title: Improvements in airplanes, Inventors: Jacques-Jules Sloan)
- Patent GB-1911-19550 (English title: Supporting or Steering Surfaces, as well as for Screw Propellers of Aeroplanes, Kites and Air Ships, Inventors: Paul Zens)
- Patent FR-1910-426683 (English title: Airplane, particularly one taking aerodynamics and relative weight and position factors of component parts into consideration, Inventors: Raphael-Louis-Marie Bertin)
- Patent FR-1911-392672.13796 (English title: Warping airplane wings of variable-controllable lift power, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie)
- Patent FR-1911-426850 (English title: Safety wire hook for aviation, marine, etc., Inventors: Dane Hurlburt)
- Patent FR-1911-420958.14200 (English title: Airplane, Inventors: Dane Hurlburt)
- Patent FR-1911-434401 (English title: Improvements in airplanes, actually improvements applicable to the helicopter-hybrid described in an earlier patent, Inventors: Joseph Boisseau)
- Patent GB-1910-9495 (English title: Improvements in Aeroplanes, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie)
- Patent CH-1911-57092 (English title: Eyelet, Inventors: Dane Hurlburt)
- Patent FR-1911-448536 (English title: Tensioner, Inventors: Dane Hurlburt)
- Patent BE-1912-250622 (English title: Airplane control, Inventors: Louis Bastier)
- Patent FR-1911-436759 (English title: Automatic wing warping, Inventors: Andre-Alcide Bilard)
- Patent FR-1912-439051 (English title: Automatic stability and wing warping apparatus with air vents for all flying machines, Inventors: Eugène Gaillard)
- Patent US-1912-1024929 (English title: Aeroplane, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie)
- Patent FR-1912-440149 (English title: Construction of warping wing surfaces for airplanes and the like, as well as means for controlling the warping of these surfaces, Inventors: Charles de Coster)
- Patent FR-1911-407712.15264 (English title: Airplane system, Inventors: Jean-Pierre Tihon)
- Patent FR-1911-448574 (English title: Improvements in the stabilization of airplanes, Inventors: Paul Avezou)
- Patent FR-1911-421136.15166 (English title: Monoplane, Inventors: Maurice-Émile Primard)
- Patent FR-1912-447873 (English title: Automatic warping device for airplanes, Inventors: Gaston-Marie-Eugène Balignant)
- Patent FR-1912-441069 (English title: Airplane steering apparatus, Inventors: Aéroplanes Morane-Saulnier)
- Patent US-1913-1071140 (English title: Aeronautical Apparatus, actually quite specifically a hydroplane, Inventors: Charles Denniston Burney)
- Patent FR-1912-450332 (English title: Wings transforming into stabilizer with warping device called "mixed winch" for airplanes, Inventors: Léon Lambert)
- Patent FR-1912-447873.16665 (English title: Automatic warping device for airplanes, Inventors: Gaston-Marie-Eugène Balignant)
- Patent FR-1912-448574.17239 (English title: Improvements in the stability of airplanes, Inventors: Paul Avezou)
- Patent FR-1913-453644 (English title: Improvements in hydroplanes, Inventors: Charles Denniston Burney)
- Patent GB-1912-29012.15938 (English title: Improved Means for use in Warping the Supporting Planes or Wings of Aeronautical Apparatus, Inventors: Charles Denniston Burney)
- Patent FR-1913-473934.19539 (English title: Airplane with automatic longitudinal equilibrium, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie)
- Patent DE-1912-271830 (English title: Biplane with twistable airfoil, Inventors: Charles de Coster)
- Patent FR-1914-465032 (English title: Deformable wing surfaces for airplanes and analaogous machines, Inventors: Paul Zens)
- Patent CA-1910-160815 (English title: Aeroplane (with the overall design well-considered though with automatic stability being a particular focus), Inventors: Sam Leonard Walkden)
- Patent GB-1915-9370 (English title: Improvents in Aeroplanes and the like, further developments in automatic stability, Inventors: Sam Leonard Walkden)
- Patent US-1918-1283448 (English title: Warping of airplane wings, Inventors: Guido Antoni • Ugo Antoni)
- Patent FR-1919-491808 (English title: Arrangement of airplane wing warping, Inventors: Guido Antoni • Ugo Antoni)
- Patent US-1920-1336977 (English title: Aeroplane control, Inventors: Frank L. Morse)