Difference between revisions of "Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft"

From Inventing aviation
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(moved text to free text space)
(publication keywords report)
 
(22 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
 +
{{TOCright}}
 +
 +
[[File:Aero-Daimler filings in Hungary both German and Austrian.png|thumb|right|Aero-Daimler filings in Hungary both German and Austrian|<center> Aero-Daimler filings in Hungary both German and Austrian as culled from [[HU V/h]] hitlist]]
 +
 +
'''Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft''' (DMG) was founded in 1890 by [[Gottlieb Daimler]], a German engineer considered one of the main inventors of the modern internal combustion [[engine]] and the motorcycle.
 +
 +
Daimler's workshop began at Bad Cannstatt in Stuttgart; the company relocated in 1903 to nearby Unterturkheim. Patent filings usually give its location as Stuttgart-Untertürkheim. In 1915 it opened an additional plant, mainly for the purpose of producing aircraft, in Sindelfingen (also in [[Württemberg]], 27km from Untertürheim, located convenient to an airfield).
 +
 +
=== International licensing ===
 +
 +
DMG licensed the right to produce Daimler engines abroad.
 +
 +
In France, Daimler engines were used in early automobiles made by [[Panhard et Levassor]] and [[Peugeot]].<ref>[[Flink, 1988, The Automobile Age]], p. [https://archive.org/details/automobileage00flin/page/16/mode/2up?view=theater 16].</ref>
 +
 +
Piano-maker William Steinway bought this right in the United States but never used it. [[Frederick Simms]] bought the Daimler license for the United Kingdom in 1893; he formed the Daimler Motor Syndicate then sold his rights in 1895 to [[Harry J. Lawson]].<ref>[[Flink, 1988, The Automobile Age]], p. [https://archive.org/details/automobileage00flin/page/14/mode/2up?view=theater 15].</ref> Lawson went on to form the [[British Motor Syndicate]] with the [[Daimler Motor Company]] as a subsidiary. Its first automobiles used Daimler engines made by Panhard et Levassor.<ref>[[Flink, 1988, The Automobile Age]], p. [https://archive.org/details/automobileage00flin/page/20/mode/2up?view=theater 21].</ref>
 +
 +
=== Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft plant in Stuttgart ===
 +
 +
Relative to international use of "Daimler" engines, the plant in Stuttgart remained small in the 1890s. After Daimler's death in 1900, the company purchased a larger area of land in Untertürkheim, 2km from the original factory.<ref>[[Bellon, 1990, Mercedes in peace and war]], p. [https://archive.org/details/mercedesinpeacew0000bell/page/14/mode/2up?view=theater 15].</ref>
 +
 +
=== Österreichische Daimler Motoren A. G. ===
 +
 +
There was also an Austrian subsidiary, [[Österreichische Daimler Motoren A. G.]].<ref>[[Patent HU-1916-76144]]</ref> In the case of the German and Austrian divisions, we do know that they had enough separate corporate distinction to file separately, with particular national patent offices, such as that of [[Hungary]].
 +
 +
This subsidiary existed by 1902, when businessman [[Ernst Berge]] was appointed its chief business executive.<ref>[[Bellon, 1990, Mercedes in peace and war]], p. [https://archive.org/details/mercedesinpeacew0000bell/page/18/mode/2up?view=theater 19].</ref>
 +
 +
=== Aircraft Division ===
 +
Both the German and Austrian corporate entities did engage in some work with aircraft before 1915, though an aircraft division, per se, may noy have been deemed necessary, early on.
 +
 +
During [[World War I]], the company fell under national efforts to unify and coordinate production. Airplane production was prioritized and DMG produced 19,876 airplane engines, 46% of the total in Germany.<ref>[[Bellon, 1990, Mercedes in peace and war]], p. [https://archive.org/details/mercedesinpeacew0000bell/page/86/mode/2up?view=theater 87].</ref> According to history professor Bernard P. Bellon, the factory did not have to make enormous changes to switch over to aircraft engines from automobile engines:
 +
 +
"The production of airplane motors was possible without drastically altering the production processes at Daimler. Simply put, the Daimler airplane motors resembled the Daimler auto and truck motors in their fundamental designs and components. Thus, metal workers in the foundry and smith fabricated the basic components from iron, steel, and copper. The workers on the banks of machines—both those skilled and those only "trained"—formed and honed them to a multiplicity of exact specifications, while fitters and mechanics assembled and adjusted the motors. During the whole process, day laborers provided critical support and moved parts and materials around the large (and ever-growing) plant.<ref>[[Bellon, 1990, Mercedes in peace and war]], p. [https://archive.org/details/mercedesinpeacew0000bell/page/88/mode/2up?view=theater 88].</ref></blockquote>
 +
 +
The language in Daimler's patents suggests that they did experience some engineering challenges related specifically to aircraft engines. In particular because airplanes take off, land, and travel in lower pressure atmospheres, Daimler filed patents related to special methods for lubrication and testing.<ref>[[Patent DE-1913-279366]], [[Patent GB-1920-145771]].</ref>
 +
 +
Aircraft division established July 1915; made biplane fighters
 +
 +
Starting in October 1915, a new plant was built at Sindelfingen, specifically for the purpose of building airplane fuselages. During the war, 271 of these were produced. Additionally, in 1917, the War Ministry instructed DMG to start producing engines and Sindelfingen, as well. The effort to produce these engines was apparently not successful.<ref>[[Bellon, 1990, Mercedes in peace and war]], p. [https://archive.org/details/mercedesinpeacew0000bell/page/100/mode/2up?view=theater 100].</ref>
 +
 +
With the German military as a guaranteed purchaser with high demand, Daimler expanded its operations to new economies of scale. During the war it went from 3,376 workers to more than 20,000 in Württemberg.<ref>[[Bellon, 1990, Mercedes in peace and war]], p. [https://archive.org/details/mercedesinpeacew0000bell/page/90/mode/2up?view=theater 91]–92.</ref>
 +
 
1919 designer Hanns Klemm
 
1919 designer Hanns Klemm
  
−
aircraft division established July 1915; made biplane fighters
+
=== Mercedes ===
 +
 
 +
DMG used the trademark '''Mercedes''' for motors and automobiles; they later used it for aircraft as well, as can be seen in the following trade-mark registration in Luxembourg, and, later, this 1917 advertisement for the Mercedes-Daimler-Flugmotor.
 +
 
 +
[[File:1910-Lux-marques-1980-Daimler-Mercedes.png|505px]]
 +
[[File:1917.3.21-Mercedes-Daimler-Flugmotor.png|505px]]
 +
=== Sources ===
 +
* [[Gunston, 1993]], p89
 +
* [[Gunston, 2005]], p119
 +
* [[Dir1920]] p27
 +
Dir1920
 +
* [[w:Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft|Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft on English Wikipedia]]
  
−
Dir1920 p30 lists this company at Stüttgart-Untertürkheim
+
{{References}}
 +
=== Patent Report ===
 +
{{Patents by organization 3|Daimler Motoren-Gesellschaft|Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft|Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft}}
  
−
Sources: G89; 2dG119; Dir1920 p27
+
=== Related publications on this database ===
 +
{{Publication keywords report 5|Daimler Motoren-Gesellschaft|Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft|Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft|Daimler|Mercedes}}
  
−
{{Organization
+
=== Standardized organizational data ===
−
|Organization names=Daimler Motoren-Gesellschaft
+
{{Company
−
|Entity type=1
+
|Names=Daimler Motoren-Gesellschaft
 
|Country=Germany
 
|Country=Germany
−
|City=Stuttgart and Sindelfingen (Bayern)
+
|City=Stuttgart; Sindelfingen
 +
|Affiliations=Oesterreichische Daimler Motoren A. G.; Österreichische Daimler Motoren A. G.; Daimler Motor Company
 +
|Keywords=biplane; construction; airplane; design; military; Mercedes; motor; engine
 
|Started aero=1915
 
|Started aero=1915
−
|Ended aero=1919 or after 1919?
+
|Ended aero=1919 or later
 +
|Key people=Gottlieb Daimler; Ernst Berge; Alfred von Kaulla; Hanns Klemm; Paul Daimler
 
}}
 
}}

Latest revision as of 15:51, 17 December 2023

Aero-Daimler filings in Hungary both German and Austrian as culled from HU V/h hitlist

Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft (DMG) was founded in 1890 by Gottlieb Daimler, a German engineer considered one of the main inventors of the modern internal combustion engine and the motorcycle.

Daimler's workshop began at Bad Cannstatt in Stuttgart; the company relocated in 1903 to nearby Unterturkheim. Patent filings usually give its location as Stuttgart-Untertürkheim. In 1915 it opened an additional plant, mainly for the purpose of producing aircraft, in Sindelfingen (also in Württemberg, 27km from Untertürheim, located convenient to an airfield).

International licensing

DMG licensed the right to produce Daimler engines abroad.

In France, Daimler engines were used in early automobiles made by Panhard et Levassor and Peugeot.[1]

Piano-maker William Steinway bought this right in the United States but never used it. Frederick Simms bought the Daimler license for the United Kingdom in 1893; he formed the Daimler Motor Syndicate then sold his rights in 1895 to Harry J. Lawson.[2] Lawson went on to form the British Motor Syndicate with the Daimler Motor Company as a subsidiary. Its first automobiles used Daimler engines made by Panhard et Levassor.[3]

Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft plant in Stuttgart

Relative to international use of "Daimler" engines, the plant in Stuttgart remained small in the 1890s. After Daimler's death in 1900, the company purchased a larger area of land in Untertürkheim, 2km from the original factory.[4]

Österreichische Daimler Motoren A. G.

There was also an Austrian subsidiary, Österreichische Daimler Motoren A. G..[5] In the case of the German and Austrian divisions, we do know that they had enough separate corporate distinction to file separately, with particular national patent offices, such as that of Hungary.

This subsidiary existed by 1902, when businessman Ernst Berge was appointed its chief business executive.[6]

Aircraft Division

Both the German and Austrian corporate entities did engage in some work with aircraft before 1915, though an aircraft division, per se, may noy have been deemed necessary, early on.

During World War I, the company fell under national efforts to unify and coordinate production. Airplane production was prioritized and DMG produced 19,876 airplane engines, 46% of the total in Germany.[7] According to history professor Bernard P. Bellon, the factory did not have to make enormous changes to switch over to aircraft engines from automobile engines:

"The production of airplane motors was possible without drastically altering the production processes at Daimler. Simply put, the Daimler airplane motors resembled the Daimler auto and truck motors in their fundamental designs and components. Thus, metal workers in the foundry and smith fabricated the basic components from iron, steel, and copper. The workers on the banks of machines—both those skilled and those only "trained"—formed and honed them to a multiplicity of exact specifications, while fitters and mechanics assembled and adjusted the motors. During the whole process, day laborers provided critical support and moved parts and materials around the large (and ever-growing) plant.[8]

The language in Daimler's patents suggests that they did experience some engineering challenges related specifically to aircraft engines. In particular because airplanes take off, land, and travel in lower pressure atmospheres, Daimler filed patents related to special methods for lubrication and testing.[9]

Aircraft division established July 1915; made biplane fighters

Starting in October 1915, a new plant was built at Sindelfingen, specifically for the purpose of building airplane fuselages. During the war, 271 of these were produced. Additionally, in 1917, the War Ministry instructed DMG to start producing engines and Sindelfingen, as well. The effort to produce these engines was apparently not successful.[10]

With the German military as a guaranteed purchaser with high demand, Daimler expanded its operations to new economies of scale. During the war it went from 3,376 workers to more than 20,000 in Württemberg.[11]

1919 designer Hanns Klemm

Mercedes

DMG used the trademark Mercedes for motors and automobiles; they later used it for aircraft as well, as can be seen in the following trade-mark registration in Luxembourg, and, later, this 1917 advertisement for the Mercedes-Daimler-Flugmotor.

1910-Lux-marques-1980-Daimler-Mercedes.png 1917.3.21-Mercedes-Daimler-Flugmotor.png

Sources

Dir1920

References

  1. ↑ Flink, 1988, The Automobile Age, p. 16.
  2. ↑ Flink, 1988, The Automobile Age, p. 15.
  3. ↑ Flink, 1988, The Automobile Age, p. 21.
  4. ↑ Bellon, 1990, Mercedes in peace and war, p. 15.
  5. ↑ Patent HU-1916-76144
  6. ↑ Bellon, 1990, Mercedes in peace and war, p. 19.
  7. ↑ Bellon, 1990, Mercedes in peace and war, p. 87.
  8. ↑ Bellon, 1990, Mercedes in peace and war, p. 88.
  9. ↑ Patent DE-1913-279366, Patent GB-1920-145771.
  10. ↑ Bellon, 1990, Mercedes in peace and war, p. 100.
  11. ↑ Bellon, 1990, Mercedes in peace and war, p. 91–92.

Patent Report

Patents associated with organizations named Daimler Motoren-Gesellschaft, Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft, or Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft

Related publications on this database

Publications referring to Daimler Motoren-Gesellschaft or Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft or Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft or Daimler or Mercedes

Standardized organizational data

Names Daimler Motoren-Gesellschaft
Country Germany
City Stuttgart; Sindelfingen
Affiliations Oesterreichische Daimler Motoren A. G., Österreichische Daimler Motoren A. G., Daimler Motor Company
Keywords biplane, construction, airplane, design, military, Mercedes, motor, engine
Started aero 1915
Ended aero 1919 or later
Key people Gottlieb Daimler, Ernst Berge, Alfred von Kaulla, Hanns Klemm, Paul Daimler
Wikidata id
Retrieved from "http://econterms.net/aero/index.php?title=Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft&oldid=256154"