Biplane

The biplane, with its two parallel wings separated by struts, is more easily braced and proportionately stronger. The lift is also greater, due to the additional wing surface. The vacuum made over the lower wing is interfered with by the upper plane, and thus neutralizes somewhat the lifting and flying efficiency of the upper wing. Since a plane must reverse all its stresses when looping, the double supports of the biplane make it less susceptible to doubling up and falling. These are some of the reasons for the popularity of the biplane.

The two parallel airfoils can be "staggered" — with the above surface forward, rather than directly above the lower plane. In this configuration, the upper surface "is removed from the area of action of the lower aerofoil and engages undisturbed air."

Enclosing categories	Airplane
Subcategories
Keywords	Airfoil
Start year
End year

This wiki has 153 patents in category "Biplane". Other techtypes related to Biplane: AU 90.3, NZ 90.3

Patents in category Biplane

• Patent DE-1914-330779 (English title: Biplane, or conceivably triplane . . ., Inventors: Rumpler-Werke G.m.b.H. in Berlin-Johannisthal, Applicant firm: Rumpler-Werke G.m.b.H. in Berlin-Johannisthal)
• Patent DE-1916-324904 (English title: Biplane, or aircraft with two, or more, pairs of wings, Filing date: 1916-05-26, Applicant firm: Rumpler-Werke G.m.b.H. in Berlin-Johannisthal)
• Patent DE-1917-321028 (English title: Biplane, Filing date: 1917-03-13, Applicant firm: Rumpler-Werke G.m.b.H. in Berlin-Johannisthal)
• Patent DE-1917-332426 (English title: Biplane, or conceivably triplane . . ., Inventors: Rumpler-Werke G.m.b.H. in Berlin-Johannisthal, Supplementary to patent: Patent DE-1914-330779, Filing date: 1917-11-06, Applicant firm: Rumpler-Werke G.m.b.H. in Berlin-Johannisthal)
• Patent DE-1917-319965 (English title: Connection between sub-areas and hull, Filing date: 1917-11-08, Applicant firm: Luftfahrtzeugbau Gessellschaft Ing. Edmund Rumpler)
• Patent DE-1918-323410 (English title: Aircraft engines with two propellers, Inventors: Rumpler-Werke A.-G. in Berlin-Johannisthal, Filing date: 1918-08-08, Applicant firm: Rumpler-Werke A.-G. in Berlin-Johannisthal)
• Patent US-1885-320042 (English title: Apparatus for effecting aerial navigation, Inventors: Frederick William Brearey, Supplementary to patent: Patent US-1880-234947, Filing date: 1883-03-16)
• Patent GB-1897-15221 (English title: Means and appliances for effecting Aerial Navigation, Inventors: Octave Chanute • Augustus Moore Herring, Filing date: 1897-06-25)
• Patent GB-1904-6732 (Inventors: Orville Wright • Wilbur Wright, Supplementary to patent: Patent US-1903-821393, Filing date: 1904-03-19)
• Patent RU-1904-15010 (English title: Biplane frame, Inventors: Wilbur Wright • Orville Wright, Supplementary to patent: Patent US-1903-821393, Filing date: 1904-03-26)
• Patent HU-1906-42383 (English title: Water and air vehicle, actually a quite elaborate multi-tier winged Hydroplane or Seaplane, Inventors: Enrico Forlanini, Filing date: 1906-07-28)
• Patent FR-1907-373818 (English title: Airplane, overall design inclusive of all elements of lift and stability, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie, Filing date: 1907-01-22)
• Patent FR-1907-384124 (English title: Aeronautic machines, Inventors: Wilbur Wright • Orville Wright, Filing date: 1907-11-18)
• Patent FR-1908-387175 (English title: Mixed airplane, Inventors: Louis Bréguet, Filing date: 1908-02-12)
• Patent FR-1908-397334 (English title: Device for transverse stabilization of airplanes, Inventors: Louis-Edmond Abric • Maxime-Ernest-Antoine Calas, Filing date: 1908-12-11)
• Patent FR-1909-402649 (English title: Elaborately well-conceived biplane, twin-propped as well, and aerodynamically designed on the principle of three parabolic arcs, Inventors: Jules Raclot • Camille Enderlin, Filing date: 1909-05-03)
• Patent FR-1909-402764 (English title: Biplane "Cas B" - biplane self-balancing on three wheels, Inventors: João Gouveia, Filing date: 1909-05-06, Applicant firm: A Sociedade Estella Cessionaria de João Gouveia)
• Patent FR-1909-402883 (English title: Aéroplane biplan, Inventors: Édouard Bueno • Louis Demaurex, Filing date: 1909-05-10)
• Patent FR-1909-405099 (English title: Pallet thruster control system for aircraft and otherwise, Inventors: Pierre Levasseur, Filing date: 1909-05-26)
• Patent FR-1909-405602 (English title: Biplane airplane system having the appearance of the monoplane, Inventors: Armand-Alvarez Penteado, Filing date: 1909-07-30)
• Patent US-1912-1016363 (English title: Means for maintaining equilibrium of airships and the like, Inventors: John L. Roche, Filing date: 1909-09-17)
• Patent US-1910-971235 (English title: Flying machine, Inventors: Maurice Ackerman, Filing date: 1909-09-21)
• Patent GB-1909-21732 (English title: Improvements in Aeronautical Apparatus, Inventors: James Deakin, Filing date: 1909-09-23)
• Patent FR-1909-407698 (English title: Aeroplane, Inventors: Charles Dinoird, Filing date: 1909-10-07)
• Patent GB-1909-24902 (English title: Improvements to mechanical flying machines, Inventors: Robert Brocklehurst, Filing date: 1909-10-29)
• Patent US-1910-957744 (English title: Flying-machine, Inventors: William Whitney Christmas, Filing date: 1909-10-30)
• Patent GB-1909-25116 (English title: Improvements in Heavier-than-air Aeronautical Machines, Inventors: Erhard Cecil Kny, Filing date: 1909-11-01)
• Patent US-1909-1096263 (English title: Flying-machine, Inventors: William B. Oliver, Filing date: 1909-11-12)
• Patent HU-1909-50774 (English title: "Dragon-system aircraft", Biplane with an emphasis on rudder specifics in the interests of steering and stability, Inventors: Eduard Penkala, Filing date: 1909-12-10)
• Patent FR-1909-410385 (English title: Improvements to airplanes, Inventors: Roger Sommer, Filing date: 1909-12-15)
• Patent HU-1909-53765 (English title: Airplane, elaborate, clearly heavier-than-air, multi-winged, Inventors: John Washington Wilson, Supplementary to patent: Patent US-1909-970771, Filing date: 1909-12-20)
• Patent FR-1910-402883.12087 (English title: Biplane, Inventors: Édouard Bueno • Louis Demaurex, Supplementary to patent: Patent FR-1909-402883, Filing date: 1910-01-19)
• Patent US-1911-984311 (English title: Aerial machine, Inventors: Robert W. Stewart, Filing date: 1910-02-15)
• Patent US-1910-1003459 (English title: Airplane, Inventors: Leicester Bodine Holland, Filing date: 1910-03-21)
• Patent FR-1910-414444 (English title: Improvements made to the construction of airplanes, Supplementary to patent: Patent GB-1909-8118, Filing date: 1910-04-04, Applicant firm: Blair Atholl Aeroplane Syndicate)
• Patent US-1911-988113 (English title: Aeroplane, Inventors: Charles Kramer, Filing date: 1910-04-07)
• Patent FR-1910-415407 (English title: Biplane with an emphasis on rudder specifics in the interests of steering and stability, Inventors: Eduard Penkala, Supplementary to patent: Patent HU-1909-50774, Filing date: 1910-04-30)
• Patent US-1910-1037050 (English title: Flying-machine, Inventors: Jules Raclot • Camille Enderlin, Supplementary to patent: Patent FR-1909-402649, Filing date: 1910-05-02)
• Patent HU-1910-50802 (English title: Biplane airplane, Inventors: Jusztin Németh, Filing date: 1910-05-04)
• Patent GB-1910-11779 (English title: Aeroplanes, Inventors: Herbert Malcolm McNeill, Filing date: 1910-05-12)
• Patent FR-1910-417757 (English title: Biplane aeroplane, Inventors: Lazare I. Finchelstein, Filing date: 1910-06-07)
• Patent FR-1910-405602.12935 (English title: Biplane airplane system having the appearance of the monoplane, Inventors: Armand-Alvarez Penteado, Supplementary to patent: Patent FR-1909-405602, Filing date: 1910-07-12)
• Patent GB-1910-17776 (English title: Improvements in aeroplanes, Inventors: Armand Alvarez Penteado, Supplementary to patent: Patent FR-1909-405602, Filing date: 1910-07-26)
• Patent FR-1910-418838 (English title: Airplane with multiple planes, Inventors: Gaspar Brunet y Viadera, Filing date: 1910-08-02)
• Patent US-1912-1013840 (English title: Flying-Machine, Inventors: William G. Hamilton, Filing date: 1910-08-10)
• Patent FR-1910-420752 (English title: Airplane, Inventors: Hervé-Pierre Félix, Filing date: 1910-09-24)
• Patent FR-1911-420981 (English title: System of construction of both monoplane and biplane chassis, etc., Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie, Filing date: 1910-09-30)
• Patent US-1911-992410 (English title: Aerodrome, Inventors: Edward J. Elsas, Filing date: 1910-10-05)
• Patent US-1911-991846 (English title: Flying machine, Inventors: Otto Haselau, Filing date: 1910-10-21)
• Patent CH-1910-53173 (English title: Airplane, Inventors: Armand Dufaux • Henri Dufaux, Filing date: 1910-10-24)
• Patent FR-1910-422718 (English title: Improvements to heavier-than-air flying machines, Inventors: Erhard Cecil Kny, Filing date: 1910-10-31)
• Patent US-1910-1012836 (English title: Aerial machine, Inventors: Johan Richard Froberg, Filing date: 1910-11-15, Applicant firm: Froberg Aeroplane Company)
• Patent AT-1910-53275 (English title: Biplane with detachable wings, Inventors: Adolf Warchalowski, Filing date: 1910-11-21)
• Patent FR-1911-424505 (English title: Wing support system allowing the same fuselage to be applied to either a monoplane or a biplane, Inventors: Robert Esnault-Pelterie, Filing date: 1910-12-31)
• Patent US-1911-1056772 (English title: Flying machine, Inventors: Frank M. Bell, Filing date: 1911-01-07)
• Patent GB-1911-3340 (English title: Improvements in aeroplanes, Inventors: Renato Giampietro, Supplementary to patent: Patent IT-1910-112937, Filing date: 1911-02-09)
• Patent FR-1911-389074.14034 (English title: Airplane - addition with an emphasis on biplane lift and design, Inventors: Alexandre-Louis Gamare, Supplementary to patent: Patent FR-1908-389074], Filing date: 1911-03-30)
• Patent US-1911-1070576 (English title: Flying-machine, Inventors: Frank M. Bell, Filing date: 1911-05-04)
• Patent FR-1911-424754.14211 (English title: Aeroplane, Inventors: Pierre-Louis Pujo, Supplementary to patent: Patent FR-1911-424754, Filing date: 1911-05-08)
• Patent US-1911-1065799 (English title: Aeroplane, Inventors: Ambroise Goupy, Filing date: 1911-05-10)
• Patent US-1911-1023096 (English title: Flying-machine, Inventors: Jules Raclot • Camille Enderlin, Supplementary to patent: Patent US-1910-1037050 • Patent FR-1909-402649, Filing date: 1911-05-18)
• Patent GB-1911-12908 (English title: Improvements in Supporting Surfaces or Wings for Flying Machines, Inventors: Henri-Marie Coandă, Supplementary to patent: Patent FR-1910-416542, Filing date: 1911-05-29)
• Patent FR-1911-430649 (English title: Airplane, Inventors: Leicester Bodine Holland, Supplementary to patent: Patent US-1910-1003459 • Patent US-1910-1003605, Filing date: 1911-06-07)
• Patent DE-1915-284375 (English title: Flying machine with two roughly rectangular wing-surfaces arranged one over the other, with greater extension along the machine's longitudinal axis, Inventors: Berthold Flick • Paul Reinig, Filing date: 1911-06-28)
• Patent HU-1911-60295 (English title: A dragon-type airplane with two hammer surfaces arranged obliquely on top of each other, Inventors: Karl Bomhard, Filing date: 1911-11-07)
• Patent HU-1911-61224 (English title: "Kite flying", biplane, Inventors: William Francis Wiles • Thomas Macleod • Frederick William Wiles, Supplementary to patent: Patent AU-1910-20097, Filing date: 1911-11-28)
• Patent US-1915-1130208 (English title: Flying-machine, Inventors: Rexford M. Smith, Filing date: 1912-01-20, Applicant firm: Connecticut Aircraft Company)
• Patent DE-1912-271830 (English title: Biplane with twistable airfoil, Inventors: Charles de Coster, Supplementary to patent: Patent BE-1911-Coster-warping, Filing date: 1912-02-18)
• Patent HU-1912-60868 (English title: Support for flying machines, Filing date: 1912-03-24, Applicant firm: Ateliers d'aviation Louis Bréguet)
• Patent FR-1912-443895 (English title: mixed land and sea aeroplane, Inventors: Jérôme Donnet • Henri Lévêque, Filing date: 1912-05-08)
• Patent FR-1912-444010 (English title: monoplane that transforms into biplane during descent, Inventors: George Boginoff, Filing date: 1912-05-20)
• Patent GB-1912-12061 (English title: Improvements in Aeroplanes, Inventors: Karl Bomhard, Filing date: 1912-05-21)
• Patent FR-1912-444465 (English title: Aeroplane stabilizer, Inventors: Jean Savio, Filing date: 1912-05-24)
• Patent ES-1912-53186 (English title: A flying device with simple support planes, Inventors: Hanns Pippart • Heinrich Noll, Filing date: 1912-06-01)
• Patent HU-1912-61926 (English title: Propellers for flying machines and airships, Inventors: Pierre Levasseur, Supplementary to patent: Patent FR-1912-439413, Filing date: 1912-12-27)
• Patent AT-1913-78041 (English title: Bi-or multi-plane, Supplementary to patent: Patent DE-1912-03-18 Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft, Filing date: 1913-02-26, Applicant firm: Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft)
• Patent FR-1913-454884 (English title: Dual- or multi-plane aeroplane with folding wings, Supplementary to patent: Patent DE-1912-03-18 Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft, Filing date: 1913-02-28, Applicant firm: Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft)
• Patent GB-1913-5221 (English title: Bi- or Multi-plane with Folding Wings, Supplementary to patent: Patent DE-1912-03-18 Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft, Filing date: 1913-03-01, Applicant firm: Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft)
• Patent US-1913-1083347 (English title: Stabilizing apparatus for aeroplanes, Inventors: Otto Albin Budig, Supplementary to patent: Patent DE-1912-05-04 Otto Albin Budig, Filing date: 1913-05-02)
• Patent GB-1913-10605 (English title: Automatic airplane stability achieved by way of wind resistance on a proper surface ultimately effecting the operation of a rudder of stability, Inventors: Otto Albin Budig, Supplementary to patent: Patent DE-1912-05-04 Otto Albin Budig, Filing date: 1913-05-05)
• Patent FR-1913-459438 (English title: Hydroplane, Inventors: Joseph Escaffre, Filing date: 1913-06-19)
• Patent GB-1913-14233 (English title: Improvements in Aeroplanes of the Biplane Type, Inventors: George Holt Thomas, Filing date: 1913-06-19)
• Patent US-1913-1312910 (English title: Aeroplane Structure, Inventors: Albert S. Janin, Filing date: 1913-07-31, Applicant firm: Janin Co.)
• Patent BE-1913-259104 (English title: Improvements to airplanes, Inventors: Jean-Baptiste-Alexis Henrion • René-Alcide-Onesime Henrion, Filing date: 1913-08-07)
• Patent FR-1913-461752 (English title: Stabilizer-glider-lift for airplanes, Inventors: Anatole-Moise Bruneau, Filing date: 1913-08-23)
• Patent HU-1914-65900 (English title: Automatic stabiliser for aircraft-aeroplanes, Inventors: János Mihálik, Filing date: 1914-01-14)
• Patent HU-1914-67909 (English title: Double-deck flying machine with stepped risers, or a A biplane with stepped canopies, Filing date: 1914-02-07, Applicant firm: Jacob Lohner & Co.)
• Patent FR-1914-473330 (English title: Airplane, Filing date: 1914-05-18, Applicant firm: Albatros-Werke G.m.b.H.)
• Patent BE-1914-268596 (English title: Biplane with automatic stability, Inventors: A.-G.-F.-D. Duvivier, Filing date: 1914-06-18)
• Patent BE-1914-269121 (English title: Monobiplane airplane with partially variable incidence, Inventors: A.-L. Larivière, Filing date: 1914-07-09)
• Patent DE-1914-306398 (English title: Airplane with adjustable decks in various places, Filing date: 1914-07-12, Applicant firm: Albatros, Gesellschaft für Flugzeugunternehmungen m.b.H.)
• Patent FR-1915-475769 (English title: Improvements to airplanes, Inventors: Jean-Baptiste-Alexis Henrion • René-Alcide-Onesime Henrion, Supplementary to patent: Patent BE-1913-259104, Filing date: 1914-07-28)
• Patent FR-1914-450608.19881 (English title: Automatic stabilizer apparatus for airplanes, Inventors: Otto Albin Budig, Supplementary to patent: Patent FR-1912-450608 • Patent DE-1911-11-16 Otto Albin Budig, Filing date: 1914-08-01)
• Patent AT-1914-79246 (English title: Biplane with staggered wings, Filing date: 1914-09-04, Applicant firm: Jacob Lohner & Co.)
• Patent FR-1914-476681 (English title: Airplane of multiple levels(or wings) in which each level(or set of wings) works independently, Inventors: Alexandre Bezobrazoff, Filing date: 1914-09-22)
• Patent DE-1914-370382 (English title: Fuselage-biplane?, Inventors: Oskar Ursinus, Filing date: 1914-10-22)
• Patent GB-1914-22440 (English title: Aeroplane, Inventors: Frederick Sigrist, Filing date: 1914-11-12, Applicant firm: Sopwith Aviation Company Limited)
• Patent AT-1914-77981 (English title: Joint for wing pressure struts of biplanes, Filing date: 1914-11-16, Applicant firm: Jacob Lohner & Co.)
• Patent HU-1914-68282 (English title: Connecting joints, especially for biplane flyers, for tensioning beams of support, Filing date: 1914-11-23, Applicant firm: Jacob Lohner & Co.)
• Patent HU-1914-68611 (English title: Innovation on biplanes, Inventors: Franz Schneider, Filing date: 1914-12-30)
• Patent DE-1915-300009 (English title: Junction design for ceiling mounting of multi-deckers, Filing date: 1915-02-04, Applicant firm: Rumpler-Werke G.m.b.H. in Berlin-Johannisthal)
• Patent AT-1915-77580 (English title: Strut reinforcement for biplanes, Inventors: Heinrich Bier, Supplementary to patent: Patent DE-1914-04-01 Heinrich Bier, Filing date: 1915-02-15)
• Patent AT-1915-75718 (English title: Compass arrangement on aircraft, Inventors: Heinrich Bier, Filing date: 1915-04-12)
• Patent IT-1915-148359 (English title: Improvements to the system of mutual stiffening for airplane, biplane, or multiplane wing surfaces, Inventors: Franz Schneider, Filing date: 1915-04-15)
• Patent HU-1915-70027 (English title: Equipment for the production of wing angles of flying structures in the folded position, Supplementary to patent: Patent DE-1914-299679, Filing date: 1915-04-19, Applicant firm: Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft)
• Patent DE-1915-326209 (English title: Bracing for wings of biplanes and multiplanes, Filing date: 1915-05-01, Applicant firm: Luft-Verkehrs-Gesellschaft m.b.H.)
• Patent AT-1915-73587 (English title: Bracing for wings of biplanes and multiplanes, Filing date: 1915-05-17, Applicant firm: Luft-Verkehrs-Gesellschaft m.b.H.)
• Patent FR-1915-481948 (English title: Improvements relative to gyroscopic stabilizers, Supplementary to patent: Patent US-1914-1368226, Filing date: 1915-07-13, Applicant firm: Sperry Gyroscope Company)
• Patent DE-1915-303309 (English title: Junction-coupling for airplane frame, Inventors: Alexander Baumann, Filing date: 1915-08-19)
• Patent US-1915-1228375 (English title: Universal Wing-Post Socket, Inventors: John P. Tarbox • Henry Kleckler, Filing date: 1915-09-18, Applicant firm: Curtiss Aeroplane)
• Patent AT-1915-79255 (English title: Biplane, Inventors: Oskar Ursinus, Filing date: 1915-11-02)
• Patent HU-1915-86545 (English title: Aircraft layout, Inventors: Oskar Ursinus, Filing date: 1915-11-15)
• Patent HU-1916-80451 (English title: Aircraft transverse split sage, Supplementary to patent: Patent AT-1915-79261, Filing date: 1916-01-05, Applicant firm: Magyar Lloyd Repülőgép- és Mótorgyár-Részvénytársaság)
• Patent US-1916-1290838 (English title: Aeroplane construction, Inventors: Henry Kleckler, Filing date: 1916-01-13, Applicant firm: Curtiss Aeroplane & Motor Corporation)
• Patent DE-1916-349065 (English title: Biplane with motors arranged on the side of the fuselage, Filing date: 1916-01-31, Applicant firm: Gothaer Waggonfabrik A. G.)
• Patent GB-1919-126980 (English title: Cells or Compartments for Aeroplanes, Inventors: Émile-Jean-Jules Salmson, Filing date: 1916-02-22)
• Patent AT-1916-78234 (English title: Arrangement of struts for airplanes, Filing date: 1916-03-04, Applicant firm: Ungarische Lloyd Flugzeug und Motorenfabrik AG)
• Patent FR-1916-502873 (English title: Improvements in airplanes, Inventors: Antoine Cazanave, Filing date: 1916-03-30)
• Patent GB-1916-102321 (English title: Improvements in or relating to Aeroplanes, Inventors: Guido Billi, Filing date: 1916-05-03)
• Patent US-1916-1435244 (English title: Structural Element, Inventors: Robert Kemp, Filing date: 1916-05-26, Applicant firm: Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company)
• Patent HU-1916-86090 (English title: Process for the production of bodies from non-metallic materials (likely pertinent to the biplane), Supplementary to patent: Patent DE-1915-11-24 Daimler Motoren-Gesellschaft, Filing date: 1916-07-11, Applicant firm: Daimler Motoren-Gesellschaft)
• Patent HU-1916-76450 (English title: Flying machine, actually a biplane, Supplementary to patent: Patent DE-1915-09-21 Gothaer Waggonfabrik A. G., Filing date: 1916-07-20, Applicant firm: Gothaer Waggonfabrik A. G.)
• Patent HU-1916-76977 (English title: Airplane, Supplementary to patent: Patent DE-1915-09-28 Gothaer Waggonfabrik A. G., Filing date: 1916-07-20, Applicant firm: Gothaer Waggonfabrik A. G.)
• Patent AT-1916-74766 (English title: Barrel return brake or barrel advance device for firearms mounted on aircraft, Inventors: Heinrich Bier, Filing date: 1916-07-29)
• Patent AT-1916-75099 (English title: Arrangement of machine guns on aircraft, Inventors: Josef Cejnek • Heinrich Bier, Filing date: 1916-07-29)
• Patent GB-1916-102032 (English title: Improvements in the Construction of Aeroplane Flying Machines, Inventors: George Tilghman Richards, Filing date: 1916-08-03)
• Patent HU-1916-72425 (English title: Combat aircraft, Supplementary to patent: Patent DE-1915-11-08 AGO Flugzeugwerke G. m. b. H., Filing date: 1916-10-30, Applicant firm: AGO Flugzeugwerke G. m. b. H.)
• Patent AT-1916-80160 (English title: Biplane, Inventors: Josef Zimmermann, Filing date: 1916-11-02)
• Patent FR-1916-492855 (English title: Improvements brought to vehicles navigable in the air and on the water, Supplementary to patent: Patent US-1915-1223319 • Patent US-1915-1246016, Filing date: 1916-12-06, Applicant firm: Curtiss Aeroplane)
• Patent FR-1917-494204 (English title: Aeroplane, Inventors: George Lanzius, Supplementary to patent: Patent US-1916-1289206, Filing date: 1917-01-06)
• Patent FR-1917-498821.22290 (English title: Improvements to airplanes, Supplementary to patent: Patent FR-1917-498821, Filing date: 1917-03-12, Applicant firm: Patent Corporation Limited)
• Patent HU-1917-72218 (English title: Airplane, Inventors: George Lanzius, Supplementary to patent: Patent US-1916-1289206, Filing date: 1917-03-14)
• Patent HU-1917-76071 (English title: Aircraft wing, Inventors: Albrecht Nuss, Supplementary to patent: Patent DE-1916-03-23 Albrecht Nuss, Filing date: 1917-03-23)
• Patent DE-1917-307800 (English title: Biplane, Inventors: Josef Zimmermann, Supplementary to patent: Patent AT-1916-80160, Filing date: 1917-03-27)
• Patent HU-1917-77515 (English title: Adjusting device for flying machines, Supplementary to patent: Patent DE-1916-01-11 Siemens-Schuckert Werke GmbH, Filing date: 1917-06-02, Applicant firm: Siemens-Schuckert Werke GmbH)
• Patent GB-1917-168833 (English title: Improvements in hydro-aeroplanes, Supplementary to patent: Patent FR-1916-493411, Filing date: 1917-06-13, Applicant firm: Alphonse Tellier et Cie)
• Patent AT-1917-79736 (English title: Flying boat, Filing date: 1917-07-14, Applicant firm: Jacob Lohner & Co.)
• Patent HU-1917-76358 (English title: Aircraft, Supplementary to patent: Patent DE-1916-05-12 Gothaer Waggonfabrik A. G., Filing date: 1917-08-08, Applicant firm: Gothaer Waggonfabrik A. G.)
• Patent US-1917-1353544 (English title: Twin-Propeller Aeroplane, Inventors: Lawrence Burst Sperry, Filing date: 1917-10-19, Applicant firm: Lawrence Sperry Aircraft Company, Inc.)
• Patent DE-1917-321072 (English title: Mounting of the suspension cable on aircraft fuselage, Filing date: 1917-11-07, Applicant firm: Rumpler-Werke G.m.b.H. in Berlin-Johannisthal)
• Patent GB-1917-135915 (English title: A Landing Indicator for Aerial Machines, Inventors: Roger Courtois-Suffit, Supplementary to patent: Patent FR-1917-503731, Filing date: 1917-11-30)
• Patent GB-1917-121990 (English title: Airplanes, Inventors: Joshua Gaskill Jackson, Filing date: 1917-12-07)
• Patent GB-1918-130409 (English title: Improvements relating to the Landing Carriages of Aeroplanes, Inventors: Federico Caproni, Supplementary to patent: Patent IT-1917-03-16 Federico Caproni • Patent GB-1915-14157 • Patent IT-1915-150227, Filing date: 1918-02-16)
• Patent US-1918-1302508 (English title: Airplane, Inventors: Federico Caproni, Filing date: 1918-03-26)
• Patent DE-1918-325930 (English title: Fuselage, Inventors: Anthony Herman Gerard Fokker, Filing date: 1918-03-28)
• Patent FR-1918-502433.21281 (English title: Improvements in Flying Machines, Inventors: Federico Caproni, Supplementary to patent: Patent FR-1915-502433 • Patent IT-1917-03-16 Federico Caproni • Patent IT-1915-150227, Filing date: 1918-05-22)
• Patent GB-1918-128724 (English title: Improvements to aeroplanes, Inventors: Louis Raymond Accornero • Adolphe Gaydon, Filing date: 1918-06-24)
• Patent DE-1918-329223 (English title: Airplane, Filing date: 1918-07-10, Applicant firm: AGO Flugzeugwerke G. m. b. H.)
• Patent US-1918-1373408 (English title: Pontoon-mounting for hydroaeroplanes, Inventors: William Starling Burgess, Filing date: 1918-07-12, Applicant firm: Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Corporation)
• Patent CA-1918-220537 (English title: Airplane Structural Element, Inventors: Robert Kemp, Supplementary to patent: Patent US-1916-1435244, Filing date: 1918-11-13, Applicant firm: Westinghouse Canada Limited)
• Patent GB-1919-144395 (English title: Improvements in and connected with the planes of aeroplane flying machines, Inventors: John Arthur Weis, Filing date: 1919-03-14)
• Patent AT-1920-91478 (English title: Longitudinally collapsible support or similar (lift) surface, for aircraft, Inventors: John Arthur Weis, Filing date: 1920-09-30)
• Patent GR-1927-1538 (English title: Procedure and apparatus allowing for rapid removal of aircraft wheels and, Inventors: Pierre Levasseur, Filing date: 1927-06-21)

Publications referring to Biplane

• Hoff, 1913, Versuche an Doppeldeckern (Simple title: Experiments to determine the optimal airspeed and flight-angle of biplanes)
• Publication 130, 1906, The Aero Club of America's exhibits recently shown at the Sixth Annual Automobile Show (Simple title: The Aero Club of America's aeronautical exhibits recently shown at the Sixth Annual Automobile Show in New York City, Journal: Scientific American)
• Publication 11636, 1907, Superposed aëroplanes (Simple title: Superposed aëroplanes, Journal: Aër. Journ.)
• Dienstbach, 1908, The Perfect Flying Machine (Simple title: The Perfect Flying Machine, Journal: American Aeronaut)
• André, 1908, De la stabilité des aéroplanes. Le multiplan de M. d'André (Simple title: The stability of airplanes. The multiplane of M. d'André, Journal: La Rev. Aviat.)
• Chanute, 1908, L'évolution du biplan (Simple title: Evolution of the biplane, Journal: La Rev. Aviat.)
• Chanute, 1908, Evolution of the 'two-surface' flying machine, part I (Simple title: Evolution of the 'Two-surface' flying machine, Journal: Aeronautics (US))
• Chanute, 1908, Evolution of the 'two-surface' flying machine, part II (Simple title: Evolution of the 'surface' flying machine, Journal: Aeronautics (US))
• Childs, 1909, Fred. T. Childs builds biplane in Ohio (Simple title: Fred. T. Childs builds biplane in Ohio, Journal: Aeronautics)
• Publication 2183, 1909, Le Bréguet-Richet 2 bis. La suspension amortissante Louis Bréguet pour appareils d'aviation. Le nouvel aéroplane biplan Bréguet (Simple title: The Bréguet-Richet 2 bis. Louis Bréguet shock absorbing suspension for aircraft. The new Bréguet biplane airplane, Journal: L'Aérophile)
• Luttrell, 1909, Luttrell completes his biplane (Simple title: Luttrell completes his biplane, Journal: Aeronautics (US))
• Walden, 1909, Dr. H. W. Walden's biplane (Simple title: Dr. H. W. Walden's biplane, Journal: Aeronautics)
• Bell, 1909, Outlook on aviation, many topics (Simple title: Outlook on aviation. Wright Steering device, Cortland Field Bishop, French Aeronautic Congress, London Aeronautic Congress, The Hudson-Fulton Celebration, Orville Wright, Aviation at Annapolis, The Aero-Club of St. Louis, Aeroplane Race at Monte Carlo, An Aero Club at Washington, E. P. Newman, inven, Journal: Bulletin of the Aerial Experiment Association)
• Publication 1038, 1909, Aviazione (Simple title: Aviation. Airplanes Calderara-Goupy, Maurice Farman, Biplane Herring, Construction details of the Blériot XI monoplane, airplane 'Graham Bell,' etc., Journal: Riv. Techn. Aer. Boll. Soc. Aer. Ital.)
• Publication 46, 1909, Activity in aviation all over United States. Herzog Biplane, Downer's quintoplane, Aeroplane in Richmond, etc. (Simple title: Activity in aviation all over United States. Herzog Biplane, Downer's quintoplane, Aeroplane in Richmond, etc., Journal: Aeronautics)
• Nansouty, 1909, Monoplan, biplan, multiplan (Simple title: Monoplane, biplane, multiplane, Journal: L'Aéronaute)
• Humphrey, 1909, The Humphrey aeroplane. A biplane machine embodying many novel points (Simple title: The Humphrey aeroplane, Journal: The Aero)
• Comas Solá, 1909, Estado actual de la aviación (Simple title: Present state of aviation, Journal: Revista de Locomoción Aérea)
• Revista de Locomoción Aérea, 1909, Aeroplano de G. Brunet (Simple title: G. Brunet's airplane, Journal: Revista de Locomoción Aérea)
• Alford, 1909, Aëroplanes of Canadian Aërodrome Company (Simple title: Aëroplanes of Canadian Aërodrome Company, Journal: American Machinist)
• Lougheed, 1910, Vehicles of the Air (Simple title: Vehicles of the Air)
• Stephens, 1910, A new control (Simple title: A new control, Journal: Aeronautics (US))
• Publication B2p1375e05, 1910, An original biplane: the Vendôme (Simple title: An original biplane: the Vendôme, Journal: Aircraft)
• Publication B2p1272e11, 1910, Automatic stability problem solved (Simple title: Automatic stability problem solved, Journal: Aeronautics (US))
• Publication B2p1317e05, 1910, First aeronautical plant (Simple title: First aeronautical plant, Journal: Vestnik Vozdukhoplavaniya)
• Publication B2p0919e19, 1911, Monoplane and biplane. Designs compared (Simple title: Monoplane and biplane. Designs compared, Journal: Aero)
• Curtiss, 1911, Glenn H. Curtiss' hydroplane-supported biplane, etc (Simple title: Glenn H. Curtiss' hydroplane-supported biplane, etc, Journal: Aircraft)
• Willard, 1911, Charles F. Willard's Gnôme driven biplane with a paragon propeller (Simple title: Charles F. Willard's Gnôme driven biplane with a paragon propeller, Journal: Aircraft)
• Publication B2p0209e06, 1911, biplane (Simple title: biplane, Journal: Aeronautics)
• Publication B2p0213e03, 1911, An improved type of biplane turned out by the English Bristol Company (Simple title: An improved type of biplane turned out by the English Bristol Company, Journal: Aircraft)
• Bréguet, 1911, The military-type Bréguet biplane, etc (Simple title: The military-type Bréguet biplane, etc, Journal: Flight)
• Bréguet, 1911, Louis Bréguet at the wheel of his biplane, etc (Simple title: Louis Bréguet at the wheel of his biplane, etc, Journal: Aircraft)
• Loening, 1911, Monoplanes and Biplanes (Simple title: Monoplanes and Biplanes)
• Aston, 1912, An interesting biplane. Constructional details of the Coventry Ordnance biplane (Simple title: An interesting biplane. Constructional details of the Coventry Ordnance biplane, Journal: Aero)
• A. G. O., 1912, Biplan A. G. O. en acier (Simple title:   Steel A. G. O. biplane, Journal: L'Aérophile)
• Shaffer, 1912, The Gage Biplane (Simple title: The Gage Biplane, Journal: Aeronautics (US))
• Phipps, 1913, Converting a rear propeller biplane into a tractor, with a suggested design for a simple biplane, together with notes on its design and construction (Simple title: Converting a rear propeller biplane into a tractor, with a suggested design for a simple biplane, together with notes on its design and construction, Journal: Aircraft)
• Publication B2p1167e20, 1913, Successful Russian plane weighs 3 tons (Simple title: Successful Russian plane weighs 3 tons, Journal: Aero and Hydro)
• Miller, 1914, Locating the center of lift on a biplane (Simple title: Locating the center of lift on a biplane, Journal: Aero and Hydro)
• Publication B2p1253e11, 1914, A South African built biplane (Simple title: A South African built biplane, Journal: Flight)
• Kauffmann, Paul A. G., 1914, Décalage en profondeur et en angle des surfaces d’un biplane (Simple title: Depth and angle offset of the surfaces of a biplane, Journal: L'Aérophile)
• Garros et al., 1914, L'Aéronautique (Simple title: L'Aéronautique)
• Kauffmann, Paul A. G., 1914, Quelques remarques sur le biplan Sopwith (Simple title: Some remarques on the Sopwith biplane, Journal: L'Aérophile)
• Brock, 1914, An aero industry made over night (Simple title: An aero industry made over night, Journal: Aero and Hydro)
• Phipps, 1915, The Paul Schmitt variable angle of incidence biplane (Simple title: The Paul Schmitt variable angle of incidence biplane, Journal: Aerial Age)
• Publication B2p1023e20, 1915, Cecil M. Peoli killed in new biplane (Simple title: Cecil M. Peoli killed in new biplane, Journal: Aerial Age)
• Peoli, 1915, Peoli is killed in new biplane trial (Simple title: Peoli is killed in new biplane trial, Journal: Aeronautics)
• A. B. C., 1915, A new biplane to make its appearance. The A. B. C. aeroplane (Simple title: A new biplane to make its appearance. The A. B. C. aeroplane, Journal: Aerial Age)
• Publication B2p1238e04, 1916, Sloane Manufacturing Co. offers biplane for Army (Simple title: Sloane Manufacturing Co. offers biplane for Army, Journal: Aerial Age)
• Grimmer, 1916, Designing and building a biplane. The story of a successful experiment (Simple title: Designing and building a biplane. The story of a successful experiment, Journal: Flight)
• Amador, 1919, Impresiones de un vuelo (Simple title: Impressions of a flight, Journal: Tohtli)
• Lagorgette, 1916, Modern German aeroplanes (Simple title: Modern German aeroplanes, Journal: Aviation and Aeronautical Engineering)
• Cañellas, 1909, Notables experimentos de Aviación (Simple title: Notable experiments in aviation, verified by captain Cañellas, Journal: Revista de Locomoción Aérea)