Patent registration vs examination systems

We can make a table of which countries had simple registation versus technical examination criteria for a patent application to be granted in th early aero period:

• Germany, examination system, high criteria (according to Donges et al)
• U.S., examination system, probably with lower criteria than Germany
• British, registration system, not quite made an examination system in 1852 (per Khan, p.34)
• France, registration system mainly
• Luxembourg, registration system (as per: Mémorial du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg</ref>
• Chile, examination system, with unusual feature of hired consultants (see works of Bernardita Escobar Andrae)

to specify

• Canada
• Netherlands
• Denmark
• Finland
• New Zealand
• Sweden
• Hungary
• Spain
• Portugal
• Japan
• Australia
• India
• Switzerland
• Austria
• Norway
• Belgium