International Meteorological Committee
The International Meteorological Committee formed in 1873 at the Vienna Meteorological Congress, after being planned by 52 meteorologists at a meeting in Leipzig, August 1872. (Became the World Meteorological Organization in 1950).[1]
Early officers: Buys Ballot, Heinrich Wild (Swiss-born director of the Central Geophysical Observatory in St. Petersburg), and Robert Scott, head of the British Meteorological Office.[1] In 1900–1907 the President was Éleuthère Mascart, director of the Bureau Central Météorologique de France and the Secretary was Hugo Hildebrand Hildebrandsson, a meteorologist from Sweden. The next president and secretary were William Napier Shaw and Hellmann.
At the 1896 International Meteorological Congress in Paris, the International Meteorological Committee formed the International Commission for Scientific Aeronautics as a big subcommittee focused on the use of aeronautics in meteorology and of meteorology for aeronautics.[2][3] Judging from a report of the IMC in 1903 the aeronautical committee was one of the most important, and involved many of the members. In this year the aeronautical committee forwarded several resolutions (such as one on the importance of taking measurements in the tropics), which the general committee then approved.[4] This report also refers to a Cloud Committee and a Telegraphy Committee.
The IMC oversaw related activities, such as a coalition of 30 weather stations intending to share data. (In one or two instances but perhaps not always this group is referred to as "International Commission on the System of World-stations".) This group met in Monaco at the end of the Sixth Meeting of the International Commission for Scientific Aeronautics. De Bort and Hildebrandsson, president and secretary of this commission, were active in the other groups as well.[5]
The 1907 report lists four primary Commissions and their presidents:[6]
- Magnetic Commission, Rykatcheff
- Aeronautic Commission, Hergesell
- Solar Commission, Norman Lockyer
- Radition Commission, Ångström
Congresses/conferences:[7]
- 1873 International Meteorological Congress, Vienna
- 1879 International Meteorological Congress, Rome
- 1889 International Meteorological Congress, Paris
- 1891 International Meteorological Conference, Munich
- 1893 International Meteorological Congress, Chicago (three weeks after the Aeronautical Navigation Conference at 1893 World's Fair
- 1896 International Meteorological Conference, Paris
- 1899 International Meteorological Congress, St. Petersburg
- 1900 International Meteorological Congress, at the "Paris exhibition"
- 1905 International Meteorological Conference, Innsbruck
Meetings of the committee:[7]
- Bern, 1880
- Copenhagen, 1882
- Paris, 1885
- Zürich, 1888
- Upsala, 1894
- St. Petersburg, 1899
- Southport, 1903
- Paris, 1907
- Berlin, 1910
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "History of IMO", World Meteorological Organization.
- ↑ Crewe, 2002, p. 5.
- ↑ Friedman, 1989, p. 49.
- ↑ Hugo Hergesell, "Report on the Proceedings of the International Committee for Scientific Aeronautics", Report of the International Meteorological Committee: Southport, 1903; Published by Authority of the Meteorological Council; London: printed for His Majesty's Stationary Office by Darling & Son, Ltd., 34–40, Bacon Street, E; 1904; pp. 26–34; p. 29.
- ↑ "International Commission on Daily Weather Reports for the Globe", Monthly Weather Review, January 1909, p. 10.
- ↑ p. 15.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Annual Report, Institute of International Education, vol. 2, p. 52.
Links
- w:fr:Organisation météorologique internationale; w:International Meteorological Organization
- Abbott Lawrence Rotch, "The International Meteorological Conference at Innsbruck", Science, 29 June 1906, pp. 975–976.
- Reports of the International Meteorological Committee on HathiTrust
| Organization names | International Meteorological Committee; International Meteorological Organization; Organisation météorologique internationale |
|---|---|
| Entity type | |
| Country | |
| Locations | |
| Affiliated with | |
| Scope | International |
| Started aero | 1873 |
| Ended aero | |
| Keywords | |
| Key people | Buys Ballot, Heinrich Wild, Robert Scott, Éleuthère Mascart, Hugo Hildebrand Hildebrandsson, Léon Teisserenc de Bort |
| Wikidata id | Q3356059 |
