USPC 244/75.1

General category for aircraft control, or navigation.

• USPC 244/75.1: A device or arrangement directed to and limited to the controlling of an aircraft in flight. These are called control elements. Control surfaces, such as leading edge flap, are classified elsewhere.

Subclasses

Here is the tree of categories under this one, paraphrased from the USPTO site:

• USPC 244/76 Automatic: under subclass 75.1. Devices and systems for automatically controlling aircraft along a predetermined course or in response to changing conditions. Includes aircraft arranged to maintain stable equilibrium automatically. For analogous technologies for controlling missiles see USPC 244/3.1+. These are the generic subclasses for the steering of dirigible craft automatically in two or three dimensions. See USPC 244/175 for how to distinguish the vehicle and motor classes and for the classes which provide for electrically controlled or actuated steering for mobile craft.

Related classes:

• USPC 73, Measuring and Testing, subclasses 178+ for navigating instruments in general where no control of the craft is involved.
• USPC 91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, appropriate subclasses for fluid servo-motors and controls therefor.
• USPC 102, Ammunition and Explosives, subclass 384 for drop bombs having automatic means for controlling the course of their flight.
• USPC 114, Ships, subclasses 21.1 and 23+ for torpedoes with automatically actuated steering mechanism; see subclass 24 where the control mechanism includes a gyroscope, and subclasses 144+ for miscellaneous devices, including the automatically actuated devices for changing the direction or speed of a ship.
• USPC 180, Motor Vehicles, subclasses 167+ and 170+ as explained in the reference to that class (180) appearing in subclass 75 above.
• USPC 700, Data Processing: Generic Control Systems or Specific Applications, subclasses 1 through 89for generic data processing control systems.
• USPC 701, Data Processing: Vehicles, Navigation, and Relative Location, subclasses 3+ for computing systems for vehicle control or vehicle condition indication and subclasses 400-541 for computations in the application of navigation.
• USPC 703, Data Processing: Structural Design, Modeling, Simulation, and Emulation, subclass 8 for mathematical simulation of a vehicle.

• USPC 244/78.1 Fluid: under subclass 76. Subject matter in which the device or system includes a pneumatic or hydraulic system that automatically generates a control signal for controlling the aircraft. This subclass does not provide for the mere use of hydraulic or pneumatic apparatus to actuate a control surface in response to an automatic signal, but a hydraulic or pneumatic apparatus that forms part of the structure responsible for the automatic operation of the control means.
• USPC 244/78.2 Fluid amplifiers: under subclass 78.1. Fluid systems with pure fluid devices for amplifying an input signal. Devices known in the art as "pure fluid devices" or "fluid amplifiers" and which act to control or vary high energy flows by relatively low energy flow or fields are included here. These devices rely upon the phenomenon known as the Coanda effect which occurs when a jet of fluid is injected into a wide container and due to some disturbance in flow or shape of the container the jet stream moves to one wall or other of the container and continues to flow along that wall. As long as the flow is not otherwise disturbed the flow remains "locked" onto the wall of the container.
• USPC 137/803-USPC 137/842 Fluid handling, subclasses for pure fluid devices
• USPC 244/79 Gyroscope actuated: under subclass 76. Systems for automatically controlling aircraft, operated in response to the action of a gyroscope.
• USPC 114/24 for similar systems on torpedoes.

• USPC 244/80 Gravity actuated: under subclass 76. Systems for automatically controlling aircraft, operated in response to the action of a pendulous weight or analogous device.
• USPC 244/81 Operated by landing: under subclass 76. Devices and arrangements for operating aircraft control systems in response to conditions peculiar to the landing of aircraft, as, for example, the contact of some member with the ground or water.
• USPC 244/82 Vane operated: under subclass 76. Devices and arrangements for operating aircraft control systems automatically in response to variations in air forces on vane members.
• USPC 244/87 Rudders and empennage: under subclass 75.1. Auxiliary airfoils and their arrangements with respect to each other or to fixed portions of aircraft, for steering and stabilizing.
• USPC 244/91 for fixed stabilizing fins.
• USPC 244/88 Rudders universally mounted: under subclass 87. Rudders mounted for movement about a plurality of axes.
• USPC 244/89 Elevators both front and rear: under subclass 87. Horizontal rudders arranged at both the front and the rear of aircraft.
• USPC 244/90 Ailerons and other roll control devices: under subclass 89. Devices for controlling aircraft about their horizontal fore-and-aft axes.
• USPC 244/201+, for variable lift devices arranged to act also as roll control devices.
• USPC 244/91 Vertical fins: under subclass 75.1. The arrangement of vertical surfaces with respect to aircraft, for stabilizing purposes. These surfaces are usually fixed.
• USPC 244/92 Stabilizing propellers: under subclass 75.1. Auxiliary propellers on aircraft for steering or stabilizing.
• USPC 244/51 for main thrust propellers used also to steer
• USPC 244/93 Stabilizing weights: under subclass 75.1. Movable or variable weights on aircraft for steering or stabilizing. In this subclass the weights themselves are the controlling agencies. For pendulous weights connected to operate control members, see the search notes below.
• USPC 244/80 for pendulous weights connected to operate control members
• USPC 114/124 for shifting weights on ships.
• USPC 244/94 Ballast storage and release: under subclass 93. Arrangements for the storage and release of heavy material on aircraft for controlling relative buoyancy or stability.
• USPC 244/95 Ballast making: under subclass 93. Devices on aircraft for producing heavy material for ballast purposes. An example is the production of water-ballast from exhaust gases to replace the weight of fuel used.
• USPC 244/96 Airship control: under subclass 75.1. Control devices and arrangements particularly adapted to use on lighter-than-air craft.
• USPC 244/97 Buoyancy varying: under subclass 96. Devices and arrangements for controlling lighter-than-air craft by changing the buoyancy of all or part of the craft with respect to the surrounding air. Includes devices for compressing or expanding one or more gas cells to alter their buoyancy
• USPC 244/98 Gas bag inflation: under subclass 96. Devices and arrangements for inflating the buoyant gas containers of lighter-than-air craft
• USPC 244/99 Gas release: under subclass 96. Devices and arrangements for releasing the buoyant gas from lighter-than-air craft
• USPC 244/99.1 Fuselage: under subclass 75.1. Subject matter in which the device or arrangement includes a movable portion of the fuselage or means to provide specific control of air flow about the fuselage. This subclass includes pivoted nose portions or devices that affect the flow about the nose.
• USPC 244/99.11 Wing: under subclass 75.1. Subject matter in which the complete wing is moved to effect control of the entire aircraft. This does not provide for the mere movement of a flap or change of angle of attack of the wing, but the longitudinal or lateral movement of the wing to effect a change in direction of flight.
• USPC 244/99.12 Drag: under subclass 75.1. Subject matter in which the control of the aircraft is effected by the deployment of a device (e.g., a parachute) that changes the wind resistance of the aircraft to effect an in-flight control of the aircraft beyond mere braking during landing. Example: An aircraft in which deployment of a parachute from a particular location on the aircraft to pull the aircraft out of a spin condition is classified here.
• USPC 244/99.13 Flutter control: under subclass 75.1. Subject matter in which the control of the aircraft involves (1) means for manipulating (e.g., positioning) a control element (e.g., control surface) or (2) static structure for supporting a control element, the means for manipulating or the static structure operating to prevent or limit vibration ("flutter") of the control element.
• USPC 244/99.14 Trim tab - indented under subclass 75.1. Subject matter including a control surface mounted on and adjustable relative to another control surface.
• USPC 244/99.2 - Specific control connection or actuator: under subclass 75.1. Subject matter including a specific connection between the device or arrangement for controlling an aircraft (e.g., pilot control, autopilot) and a controlled element (e.g., a control surface).
  • USPC 244/99.3 - Linkage: under subclass 99.2. Subject matter including details of a mechanical linkage that forms a part of the connection. Included for example, is a linkage arranged to compensate for variations in temperature with flight altitude and speed.
  • USPC 244/99.4 Redundant arrangements: under subclass 99.2. Subject matter in which the specific control connection has plural control transmission paths each capable of operation in the absence of any of the others.
  • USPC 244/99.5 - Fluid - under subclass 99.2. Subject matter in which the control connection includes a fluid system (e.g., hydraulic) that transmits forces to the controlled element through a fluid.
    • USPC 244/99.6 Fluid pressure source arrangement: under subclass 99.5. Subject matter including details of an arrangement of a source of pressure for the fluid system as it relates to the structure of the aircraft. For placement here, specific aircraft structure that includes part of the pressure source must be claimed or the pressure source must be specially adapted for association with an aircraft (e.g., a pressure source particularly constructed to fit within a wing).
    • USPC 244/99.7 Nonlinear fluid actuator: under subclass 99.5. Subject matter in which the fluid system includes a specific non-linear actuator having a specific relation to the aircraft. For example, the control connection may include a rotary actuator that forms the hinge of a flap of a wing and moves the flap relative to the wing.
  • USPC 244/99.8 Actively deformable material (e.g., piezoelectric, shape memory, magnetostrictive, electrostrictive): under subclass 99.2. Subject matter in which the connection or actuator is formed at least in part of a material that changes its shape in response to an electrical signal or other input
  • USPC 244/99.9 Failure tolerant, e.g. of jamming, and "no-back control connection" - under subclass 99.2. For control connections constructed so as to mitigate the effect of failures in the control system or the controlled element.

Related parallel categories

• USPC 244/2 through 244/33, for general arrangement of control systems on aeronautical machines of a particular type.
• USPC 244/50 and 110, through 113, for aircraft steering on land or water.
• USPC 244/51 for aircraft steering by adjustment of propelling devices.
• USPC 244/52 for steering of fluid propelled aircraft by some modification of the fluid propelling devices.
• USPC 244/96 through 99, for control systems and devices peculiar to lighter-than-air craft.
• USPC 244/213 through 217 , for a control surface comprising a flap or spoiler.
• USPC 60, Power Plants, for actuating devices including controls, especially subclass USPC 60/528 for shape memory and piezoelectric type devices.
• USPC 74/501.5 for machine elements or mechanisms with tension-sustaining devices for flexible cable operators.
• USPC 91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, appropriate subclasses for fluid servo-motors and controls therefor
• USPC 102, Ammunition and Explosives, subclass 384 for drop bombs with means for controlling the course of their flight
• USPC 114/21.1, USPC 114/23, USPC 114/24 for torpedoes with means of control over steering or motion of the torpedo
• USPC 114/25 for torpedoes with automatic means to keep the torpedo at a predetermined depth below the surface
• USPC 114/144-USPC 114/172 for some devices for controlling the direction or speed of a ship
• USPC 180/167-USPC 180/169 for motor vehicles whose control can respond to external electromagnetic radiation, magnetic force, or sound waves
• USPC 180/170-USPC 180/179 for means of maintaining or limiting the speed of motor vehicles
• USPC 280, Land Vehicles, subclass 263, 771 through 93.515 for miscellaneous steering mechanisms for land vehicles.
• USPC 310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, for piezoelectric devices.
• USPC 318, Electric Motive Power Systems, relating to USPC 244/175
• USPC 700/1-USPC 700/89 for generic data processing control systems
• USPC 701/3-USPC 701/89f for computing systems for vehicle control or vehicle condition indication
• USPC 701/400-USPC 701/541 for computations in the application of navigation
• USPC 703/8 for mathematical simulation of a vehicle

References

Enclosing categories	USPC 244
Subcategories	USPC 244/76, USPC 244/87, USPC 244/91, USPC 244/96, USPC 244/99.11, USPC 244/99.12, USPC 244/99.13, USPC 244/99.14, USPC 244/99.2
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