Patent GB-1884-13768
Multi-planes with camber; the invention is a set of specific tested curvatures which helps lift. Phillips probably used a wind tunnel. See the substantial histories about him.
Somewhere there may be a different patent by Phillips with the title "Apparatus for Aerial Navigation" but it is not clear that is different from this one.
See also Patent GB-1891-13311
Lilienthal museum identifies the inventor as Warren F. Phillips but that is the name of a much later aerospace flight expert. Horatio Phillips is the one with an 1884 patent. Source data error Template:Misidentified inventor
Lilienthal museum summarizes the effort, in German, thus: Phillips has measured profiles in a wind tunnel. He observed that the buoyancy of curved surfaces results to a greater extent from the negative pressure at the top, to the smaller from the pressure at the bottom, due to the Bernouilli equation by different flow velocities. Even at a 0 degree angle, arched profiles provide high lift. Large wing extension gives a favorable ratio of lift and drag as the induced drag decreases.
Sources
- Brewer and Alexander, 1893, Aeronautics
- Neilson (1910), p15,16, 72
- The patent is discussed here: https://www.centennialofflight.net/essay/Evolution_of_Technology/phillips/Tech4.htm
- The Lilienthal museum cites this patent several ways it seems, with the title "Gewölbte Flächen" here but the name of the inventor listed as Warren F. Phillips. Lilienthal museum patents
- Archive record of this patent at Lilienthal museum patents
| Year filed | 1884 |
|---|---|
| Year granted | 1884 |
| Office | GB |
| Patent number | 13768 |
| Inventors | Horatio Frederick Phillips |
| Inventor country | GB |
| Applicant person | Horatio Frederick Phillips |
| Applicant firm | |
| Applicant type | |
| Applicant is inventor? | 1 |
| Original title | Blades for deflecting air |
| English title | Cambered airfoils for deflecting air |
| Tech fields | airfoil |
| Filing date | 1884-10-17 |
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| Grant date | 1884-10-17 |
| Granted? | 1 |
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| Related to aircraft? | Yes |
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| Family year | 1884 |
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